UC-NRLF 


B    M    bflb    5D? 


Vlunicipal  Accomplishment  in 
City  Planning 

and  Published  City  Plan  Reports 
in  the  United  States 


EDITED    BY 

THEODORA  (KIMBALL^   ] 

Librarian,  School  of  Landscape  Architecture,  Harvard  University 
Honorary  Librarian,  American  City  Planning  Institute 

From  Information  Assembled   Largely 
by  the  Detriot  City  Plan   Commission 


Published  Under  the  Auspices  of 

NATIONAL    CONFERENCE    ON    CITY    PLANNING 

60  State  Street,  Boston,  Mass. 

1920 


CONTENTS 

Page 
Introductory  Note 3 

Questionnaire    Form    5 

Summaries  of  Questionnaire  Replies: 

1.  City  Planning  Commissions  or  Bureaus  in  operation-  6 

2.  City  Plans  in  Progress  cr  Proposed 6 

3.  Main  Lines  of  Effort  in  Municipal  Improvements — 
Zoning,  Street  Extensions,  Parks,  Port  Development, 
etc.    6 

4.  Public  Attitude  toward  City  Planning 7 

5.  Methods  of  Public  Education  to  Secure  Support  for  a 
City    Plan    7 

6.  Suggestions  Offered    8 

General  Summary  of  City  Planning  Experience,  prepared 
by  Detroit  City  Plan  Commission 11 

Index  of  Cities  Included — (121  cities  and  towns) 14 

Alphabetic  List  of  Cities  with 

a)  Digests  of  Questionnaire  Answers  ) 

to  [ 15-76 

b)  Lists  of  Published  City  Plan  Reports  ) 

Supplement  on  Municipal  Appropriations  for  City  Planning 
in    1920    77 


INTRODUCTORY  NOTE 

Since  the  publication  of  "City  Planning  Progress  1917" 
edited  by  George  B.  Ford  for  the  American  Institute  of  Archi- 
tects (now  out  of  print),  there  has  been  no  summary  issued 
to  show  specific  city  planning  accomplishments  in  our  Ameri- 
can cities.  Although  the  present  bulletin  is  far  more  limited 
in  scope  than  the  1917  book,  it  nevertheless  does  show  in  a 
striking  fashion  the  character  and  intensity  of  municipal  ac- 
tivity in  city  planning  at  the  present  time.  Early  in  Novem- 
ber of  last  year,  the  Detroit  City  Plan  Commission,  through 
T.  Glenn  Phillips,  its  Secretary  and  Consultant,  sent  out 
questionnaires  to  the  Mayors  of  about  a  hundred  cities  of  the 
United  States  and  Canada  where  city  planning  work,  official 
or  otherwise,  in  the  last  twenty  years,  was  known  to  have 
been  represented  in  one  or  more  published  plan  reports.  Sub- 
sequently over  twenty-five  more  questionnairs  were  issued 
by  the  editor  to  secure  information  from  additional  cities  and 
thus  make  the  data  assembled  as  complete  as  possible  within 
the  scope  of  the  undertaking.  A  copy  of  the  questionnaire  is 
printed  on  a  following  page.  The  Detroit  Commission's 
purpose  was  to  find  out  how  many  of  these  cities  have  City 
Plan  Commissions  or  propose  to  have  them,  and  to  get  sug- 
gestions as  to  procedure  which  should  be  helpful  in  the  work 
in  Detroit.  The  answers  to  questions  about  difficulties  en- 
countered, public  attitude,  and  creation  of  popular  interest  in 
improvements  all  are  especially  valuable  for  Commission  work. 

To  share  this  information  with  other  cities,  particularly 
those  which  have  cooperated  by  thorough  and  interesting  re- 
plies to  the  questionnaires,  the  Detroit  Commission  is  con- 
tributing to  the  publication,  under  the  auspices  of  the  National 
Conference  on  City  Planning,  of  this  bulletin,  combining  di- 
gests of  the  answers  with  a  list  of  published  reports  relating 
to  city  planning.  This  list  of  reports  is  made  up  from  the 
"American  City"  list  (American  City  Pamphlet  No.  124),  De- 
cember 1914,  edited  by  F.  L.  Olmsted  and  T.  Kimball,  an 
Miss  Kimball's  lists  in  "Landscape  Architecture"  for  January 
1918  and  January  1920,  together  with  all  other  reports  which 
have  come  to  the  notice  of  the  Library  of  the  Harvard  School 
of  Landscape  Architecture  up  to  November  1,  1920.  Unfor- 
tunately, owing  to  the  bulk  of  information  and  reports  relating 
to  cities  in  the  United  States,  it  has  not  been  possible  to  in- 
clude Canadian  reports  in  the  list,  nor  the  digest  of  answers 

500320 


to 


kindly  sent  by  Calgary,  Montreal,  Ottawa,  Toronto,  and 
Winnipeg.  For  the  same  reason  it  has  not  been  possible  to 
include  ordinary  annual  reports,  (e.  g.  for  Massachusetts 
towns  such  as  Somerville  and  Taunton),  nor  articles  describ- 
ing plan  reports  (such  as  Mr.  E.  H.  Bennett's  on  Winnetka, 
111.  and  Mr.  John  Nolen's  on  Wayland,  Mass.,  in  the  "American 
City"),  nor  reports  on  garden  suburbs  and  new  industrial 
towns.  Also,  in  view  of  the  limitations  set,  there  could  not 
be  included  information  at  hand  as  to  city  plans  under  way 
for  cities  which  have  not  yet  issued  published  plan  reports, 
such  as  Hamilton  and  Mansfield,  Ohio,  Scranton  and  Sewick- 
ley.  Pa.,  East  Orange,  N.  J.,  Ferndale,  Highland  Park,  Jack- 
son, and  Lansing,  Mich.,  and  many  others.  The  compilation 
of  answers  to  the  very  brief  questionnaire  just  issued  to  300 
cities  by  Mr.  George  B.  Ford  to  secure  information  for  his 
address  at  the  City  Managers'  convention  should  thus  prove 
a  useful  complement  to  this  present  bulletin.  It  should  be 
noted  that  for  the  two  states  foremost  in  number  of  plan  com- 
missions, apponted  under  state  laws  (Massachusetts  and 
Pennsylvania),  15  Massachusetts  and  5  Pennsylvania  cities 
and  towns  are  represented  in  this  list,  because  of  having 
issued  plans  in  some  published  form,  thus  making  their  pro- 
posals or  experience  available  to  other  cities. 

Throughout  the  bulletin  in  cases  where  no  answers  have 
been  received  (after  second  questionnaires  had  been  sent), 
this  fact  has  been  noted ;  but  if  the  editor  has  had  recent  infor- 
mation from  other  sources  concerning  progress  in  those  cities, 
brief  notes  have  been  added  for  the  convenience  of  readers. 

The  facts  given  in  the  digests  have  often  been  used  ver- 
batim from  the  answers ;  and  special  pains  have  been  taken 
to  make  each  digest  as  representee  as  possible  of  the  spirit 
of  the  reply.  Thus  the  bulletin  should  not  only  be  useful  as 
a  record  of  projects  constructed  and  of  published  reports,  but 
also  as  reflecting  the  attitude  of  various  American  officials 
towards  comprehensive  improvement  programs.  The  moral 
to  be  pointed  above  all  is  that  the  efforts  of  committees  work- 
ing for  a  city  plan  without  cooperation  or  approval  from  the 
city  government  are  usually  abortive,  and  that  such  bodies 
would  better  bend  their  energies  to  create  so  strong  a  public 
demand  for  a  city  plan  that  public  provision  will  be  made  for 
its  preparation  and  its  progressive  execution. 

THEODORA  KIMBALL,  Editor. 
November  1,  1920. 


CITY    PLANNING  5 

(QUESTIONNAIRE  FORM) 

CITY  PLAN  COMMISSION 
403  City  Hall, 
Detroit,  Mich. 

Please  fill  in  the  following  questionnaire  so  that  we  may 
check  up  just  how  far  cities  are  following  plans  established 
for  their  future  growth.  (By  plans,  we  mean  comprehensive 
studies  and  recommendations  made,  covering  the  future 
growth  as  to  streets,  parks,  boulevards,  recreations,  public 
and  semi-public  buildings,  zoning,  etc.)  We  would  like  to 
have  this  information  to  assist  our  Commission  in  future 
recommendations  to  the  city. 

1.  Have  you  a  comprehensive  city  plan? 

2.  When  and  how  prepared? 

3.  If  not,  do  you  anticipate  the  preparation  of  one? 

By  what  procedure? 

■i.   Have    improvements    been    carried    out    according   to    a 

plan? State    character   of    such    improvements,    (Such 

as  street  openings,  parks,  etc.) 


5.   By  what   Municipal  Authority   do  you   operate?      (City 
Plan   Commission,    Common    Council   Action   or   otherwise?) 


6.  Was   a   comprehensive   city  plan   prepared   prior   to  ap- 
pointment of  "Municipal  Authority"  to  carry  it  into  execution? 

7.  What   difficulties   have   you    encountered    in    proceeding 
with  prepared  plans? 


8.  Does  the  public  appreciate  the  value  of  such  plans? 

9.  How  do  you  create  popular  interest  in  general  city  im- 
provements?   


10.  What  suggestions  have  you  to  offer  that  would  facili- 
tate the  actual  carrying  out  of  a  definite  city  plan,  rather  than 
the  usual  haphazard  growth? 


6  CITY    PLANNING 

SUMMARIES   OF  QUESTIONNAIRE  REPLIES 

1.  City  Planning  Commissions  or  Bureaus  in  Operation. 

Of  the  87  cities  sending  replies  out  of  121  having  published 
reports,  40  have  active  city  planning  commissions  or  bureaus. 
Twenty-seven  cities  mention  operating  by  some  form  of  Com- 
mon Council  action.  Of  the  city  planning  commissions,  9  are 
noted  as  advisory  only,  and  6  as  appointed  under  charter 
amendment,  but  the  information  on  these  points  is  obviously 
incomplete.  Strong  satisfaction  is  expressed  as  to  conditions 
under  the  charter  authority.  Only  a  few  cities  now  without 
city  planning  commissions,  expressed  the  hope  of  establishing 
them.  The  National  Conference  on  City  Planning  has  (No- 
vember 15,  1920)  a  record  of  148  commissions  actually  at  work 
in  the  United  States. 

2.  City  Plans  in  Progress  or  Proposed. 

The  results  show  that,  of  the  87  cities  replying,  53  con- 
sider that  they  have  already  a  comprehensive  (or  more  than 
partial)  city  plan,  while  19  anticipate  the  preparation  of  one. 
Twelve  cities  propose  to  prepare  this  by  a  commission  of  city 
officials,  and  5  cities  mention  intended  employment  of  experts. 

Sixteen  cities  have  no  plan  and  12  do  not  intend  to  have 
one  prepared  in  the  immediate  future. 

3.  Main  Lines  of  Effort  in  Municipal  Improvements. 
The  replies  make  especial  mention  as  follows : 

Zoning:  12  cities.  (Ed.  note:  This  number  is  far  too  small 
to  represent  the  actual  figures  of  cities  which  now  have  or 
are  securing  zone  plans.  See  Bulletin  on  Zoning  issued  by 
American  Civic  Association  and  forthcoming  American  City 
Bureau  digest  of  zoning  experience.) 

Street  openings,  extensions,  and  widenings :  32  cities. 

Control  of  sub-divisions :  7  cities. 

Park  and  playground  acquisition :  29  cities. 

Rapid  transit:  2  cities. 

Railroad  terminal  improvements:  3  cities. 

Port  development :  3  cities. 

River  or  water  front  improvement:  3  cities. 

Civic  centers  and  public  buildings :  6  cities. 

Bridges :  5  cities. 

Improvement  of  city  entrances:  1  city. 

Markets :  1  city. 

Tree  planting  and  street  parking:  3  cities. 


CITY    PLANNING  7 

4.  Public  Attitude  towards  City  Planning. 

In  answer  to  the  question,  "Does  the  Public  appreciate  such 
plans?"  the  following-  replies  are  typical: 

"We  believe  the  public  generally  does." — "No." — "To  a 
certain  extent." — "Some  people  have  a  very  keen  appreciation 
of  the  work,  and  this  number  is  growing." — "No." — "No,  but 
they  seem  to  like  the  medicine  better  after  they  'get  it  down.'  " 
— "Decidedly  yes." — "Yes,  I  believe  so,  but  public  have  not 
had  an  opportunity  to  study  same  as  only  500  copies  were 
printed." 

Thirty-eight  cities  found  public  attitude  generally  favor- 
able and  twenty-one  cities  indifferent  or  otherwise.  Four 
cities  mention  a  favorable  attitude  of  part  of  the  citizens. 

The  following  will  give  some  idea  of  the  difficulties  en- 
countered by  the  cities: 

"No  difficulties." — "Finances  at  present  are  going  through 
a  very  critical  period." — "Have  not  been  able  even  to  secure 
appropriations  for  preparation  of  plans.  This  is  due  wholly 
to  short  term  political  offices." — "Lack  funds." — "We  live  in 
hopes  of  home  rule  for  cities  with  power  to  raise  funds." — 
"Plans  defeated  twice." — "Chiefly  lack  of  appropriate  legis- 
lation."— "Ignorance  until  shown." — "Lack  of  cooperation  of 
business  interests." — "No  proper  machinery  for  getting  them 
executed." — "Lack  of  education." 

The  lack  of  funds  seems  to  be  the  chief  difficulty  encoun- 
tered by  cities  in  carrying  out  their  plans. 

5.  Methods  of  Public  Education  to  Secure  Support  for  a  City 

Plan. 

The  following  are  typical  answers  to  the  question :  "How 
do  you  create  popular  interest  in  general  city  improvements?" 

"Publicity  campaign,  using  newspapers,  Chamber  of  Com- 
merce bulletins,  posters,  window  cards,  lectures  before  Civic 
Societies,  etc." — "By  proper  publicity — newspaper  articles,  in- 
terviews, lectures  with  lantern  slides,  sketches,  public  exhi- 
bitions of  plans  and  suggested  improvements." — "By  patient 
agitation." — "If  it  is  possible,  some  day  we  hope  to  have 
an  independent  citizens'  committee  (10)  subdivided  into  sub- 
committees on  Public  Instruction,  Public  Safety  and  Public 
Works  for  purposes  of  study  and  suggestions." — "Through  an 
advisory  Board  of  25  citizens." — "Through  the  press  and  pub- 
lic meetings." — "By  semi-monthly  educational  programs  of 
our  association  and  publicity  in  newspapers." — "I  do  not  think 


8  CITY    PLANNING 

it  is  necessary  any  longer  to  try  and  create  popular  interest 
in  general  city  improvements.  That  interest  exists  and  is 
keen.  There  have  been,  as  in  most  other  cities,  projects  for 
comprehensive  improvements  of  a  somewhat  spectacular  na- 
ture that  have  aroused  much  interest  at  the  time,  but  these 
plans  have  not  been  official." — "It  is  very  difficult  to  stimu- 
late interest  in  any  city  improvements.  About  the  only  im- 
provements that  the  people  appreciate  are  good  roads  and 
pavements  and  also  parks  and  playgrounds." — "By  education- 
al propaganda.  We  have  found  considerable  interest  mani- 
fested by  civic  and  business  organizations,  after  the  purpose 
of  the  plan  and  work  have  been  explained  as  we  have  done  by 
lectures  with  stereopticon  slides,  etc." — "Mass  meetings." — 
"Largely  through  the  public  press." — "Through  practical 
demonstrations." — "Through  existing  civic  organizations, 
special  campaigns." — "By  continuous  education." — "There  is 
now  a  campaign  under  way  to  make  every  citizen  a  member 
of  some  citizen's  association"  (An  association  for  each  dis- 
trict)."— "Lantern  lectures  to  fraternal  and  labor  organiza- 
tions."— "By  illustrated  lectures,  newspaper  stories,  and 
through  the  public  school  system." 

Most  of  the  cities  use  the  press  and  public  lectures  to  create 
public  interest  in  the  work  they  are  doing  and  propose  to  do. 
There  seems  to  be  a  general  recognition  of  the  importance  of 
publicity. 

6.  Suggestions  Offered. 

The  tenth  question  asked:  "What  suggestions  have  you  to 
offer  that  would  facilitate  the  actual  carrying  out  of  a  definite 
city  plan,  rather  than  the  usual  haphazard  growth?"  brought 
forth  some  very  interesting  answers,  among  which  are : 

"First,  provide  adequate  laws,  2nd  get  every  civic  and  com- 
mercial organization,  especially  the  Real  Estate  Board,  to 
adopt  the  plan  ;  3rd  get  the  people  to  adopt  it ;  By  this  time 
there  will  be  a  public  opinion  on  the  subject.  The  rest  will 
be  simply  a  matter  of  financing  and  turning  down  subdivid- 
es who  do  not  desire  to  follow  the  plan." 

"In  order  that  all  the  questions  of  city  planning  may  be 
intelligently  studied  it  is  absolutely  necessary  to  first  prepare 
an  accurate  topography  map  covering  the  entire  city  on  which 
to  base  your  plan.  We  suggest  that  care  be  taken  that  the 
plans  be  not  too  elaborate,  but  followed  along  reasonable  and 
conservative   lines,  using  the  topography  and   existing  con- 


CITY    PLANNING  9 

ditions  to  the  fullest  extent.  Provision  should  also  be  made 
for  amending  your  plan,  which  is  certain  to  be  necessary  in 
course  of  time.  With  these  main  points  in  view  and  an  hon- 
est effort  on  the  part  of  the  city  officials  to  gain  the  confidence 
of  the  general  public,  a  long  step  is  taken  in  the  right  direc- 
tion." 

"This  requires  largely  a  campaign  of  education.  Such  edu- 
cation will  lead  to  an  appreciation  of  the  advantages  of  a  care- 
fully prepared  plan,  the  legislation  necessary  to  enforce  it,  and 
the  appropriation  of  money  sufficient  to  carry  on  the  work." 

"I  am  in  favor  of  a  city  plan  commission  of  an  advisory 
character." 

"The  plans  should  be  prepared  under  the  authority  of  the 
body  that  has  the  power  to  carry  out  the  plan.  A  commis- 
sion or  body  that  has  no  power  to  carry  out  their  own  plans 
will  find  their  work  doubly  hard." 

"Change  in  form  of  city  government  to  City  Manager  Plan." 

"By  putting  men  in  office  who  realize  the  advantage  of 
working  to  definite  lines.  It  is  a  distinctive  advantage  to 
have  a  comprehensive  plan — not  to  follow  slavishly  as  con- 
ditions change,  but  as  a  means  of  getting  people  interested 
in  particular  improvements.  It  takes  time  to  educate  the 
public." 

"Acceptance  of  principles  of  a  'Zoning  plan,'  city  ordinances 
prohibiting  construction  or  platting  at  variance  with  defined 
principles  of  such  a  plan,  laws  providing  for  'Excess  con- 
demnation' for  public  improvements,  and  a  law  providing  for 
the  placing  on  the  city  plan  of  'deferred'  projects  as  in  Phila- 
delphia." 

"Have  your  commission  go  ahead  and  formulate  its  plans, 
carry  them  out,  and  then  the  public  will  approve  when  they 
see  the  accomplished  fact.  Visualization  is  absolutely  neces- 
sary to  the  public."  (Ed.  query:  What  is  source  of  funds  for 
carrying  out  plans  prior  to  public  approval?) 

"The  establishment  of  an  official  authorized  planning  com- 
mittee, financed  by  the  city." 

"City  Planning  Commissions  and  the  consideration  of  their 
recommendations  should  be  provided  for  in  city  charters 
backed  up  by  State  laws  instead  of  being  created  by  ordin- 
ances.    City  plans  should  be  promoted  by  proper  publicity." 

"Official  adoption  by  City  Administration  of  such  definite 
City  plan  and  carrying   out  contemplated   improvements   by 


10  CITY    PLANNING 

city  departments  affected.  The  City  Planning  Commission 
serves  as  advisory  board  and  inaugurates  the  improvements." 

"The  methods  of  procedure  in  this  city  (New  York)  have 
been  fairly  satisfactory  and  what  I  consider  to  be  one  of  the 
wisest  of  our  policies  is  that  of  assessing  a  proper  portion  of 
the  expense  of  every  improvement  upon  the  property  bene- 
fited. This  often  checks  the  enthusiam  for  projects  involving 
great  outlay  which  would  result  in  large  local  benefit  without 
corresponding  contribution  by  the  owners  of  the  property 
benefited.  It  does  not,  however,  check  interest  in  and  the 
demand  for  reasonable  improvements  in  the  City  Plan." 

"First  get  a  good  comprehensive  plan  and  then  enlist  the 
cooperation  of  the  City  Council  and  Mayor  in  conforming 
improvements  to  the  new  plan." 

"To  have  plans  drawn  by  competent  engineers  aided  by 
suggestions  from  landscape  architects ;  also  from  local  citizens 
who  know  the  city  and  have  its  interest  at  heart." 

"City  Planning  Board  backed  by  an  educated  public — Pub- 
lic meetings  and  newspaper  discussion — Frank,  open  appeal 
to  all  City  Departments." 

"Education  of  the  public  on  the  matters  proposed  and  why. 
Public  sentiment  is  all  that  is  necessary,  and  that  is  very  easy 
to  get  if  you  show  the  people  what  you  propose  to  do,  as  I 
have  always  found  the  tax-payer  willing  to  pay  provided  he 
can  see  what  he  is  going  to  get." 

"Ample  authority  to  the  commission,  unrestrained  by  petty 
politics.     Support  of  the  courts  in  matters  of  assessment." 

"An  official  commission  with  long  terms  for  members." 

"Work  to  secure  public  sentiment  in  favor  of  carrying  out 
certain  attractive  features  of  the  city  plan.  If  such  features 
turn  out  to  be  valuable  improvements,  we  feel  that  little 
trouble  will  be  encountered  in  the  carrying  out  of  the  balance." 

"A  separate  Citizen's  Advisory  Committee  to  cooperate  with 
the  City  Planning  Committee  (or  Commission)  may  be  ap- 
pointed. What  is  needed  most  is  men  who  are  interested  in 
the  work  and  who  will  give  time  and  study  to  it  so  that  their 
advice  will  be  worth  something." 

"A  City  Planning  Commission,  employing  the  services  of 
an  expert  on  City  plan,  with  money  enough  at  his  disposal  to 
make  a  careful  survey  of  the  city,  is  an  excellent  way  of  as- 
certaining the  needs  of  the  City  for  city  planning,  and  of 
educating  the  public  to  desire  it." 

"Adopt  city  plan  by  Ordinance  and  work  accordingly." 


CITY    PLANNING  11 

"Work  along  lines  of  Chicago  Plan  Commission  in  interest- 
ing organizations." 

"Study  of  plans  of  other  cities,  which  have  had  experience." 

"Establish  an  intimate  touch  with  the  public  through  direct 
representation  on  an  advisory  body  in  aid  of  city  plan  and  by 
calling  to  aid  all  possible  publicity  measures  and  agencies." 

"Get  backing  of  state  and  city  laws.  Make  compulsory  to 
comply  with  general  plan." 

"Give  the  City  Planning  Commission  authority.  Get  the 
public   confidence." 


GENERAL  SUMMARY  OF  CITY  PLANNING 

EXPERIENCE 

Prepared  by  Detroit  City  Plan  Commission 

The  questionnaires  collectively  indicate  that  a  large  num- 
ber of  cities  (53)  already  have  a  so  called  "comprehensive" 
city  plan,  though  very  few  cities  are  working  according  to  a 
definite  plan.  This  is  possibly  the  combined  influence  of 
planning  in  advance  of  approval  or  authority  from  the  city 
government ;  planning  too  elaborate  or  idealistic  schemes  ;  lack 
of  sufficient  powers  vested  in  a  City  Plan  Commission,  or  in- 
sufficient funds  to  carry  out  the  plan. 

The  powers  and  duties  of  each  Plan  Commission,  together 
with  the  number  of  Commissioners,  personnel  and  appropria- 
tions will  naturally  vary  to  accommodate  the  local  require- 
ments  of   each   city,  nevertheless   for  all   cities   that  may  be 
establishing  or  reorganizing  City  Plan  Commissions  the  fol- 
lowing procedure  and  suggestions  have  been  compiled : — 
(  1  )     Provide  that  the  City  Plan  Commission  be  a  part  of  the 
city  government.     Charter   Provision   is  recommended 
by  Detroit. 
(  2  )     Create   a   Commission   with   definitely   established   au- 
thority and  powers.     In  experience  in  Detroit,  a  Com- 
mission acting  merely  as  an  advisory  body  is  seriously 
handicapped  in  constructive  City  Planning  Work. 
(  3  )      Commission   personnel,  serving  without   compensation 
and  composed  of  public-spirited,  energetic  citizens,  es- 
tablished   in    the    principal    business    and    professional 
activities  of  the  community.     A  nine-man  commission 
is  extremely  satisfactory. 
(  4  )     Appointment.     By  the  Mayor. 


12  CITY    PLANNING 

(  5  )  Term  of  office.  Three  years,  with  a  minority  retiring 
each  year,  in  order  that  new  appointees  may  more  easily 
coalesce  with  the  general  procedure  and  policies  of  the 
Commission. 

(  6  )  Office  personnel.  Serving  with  remuneration,  prefer- 
ably under  the  guidance  of  a  consultant  or  expert  on 
city  planning  who  should  be  resident  on  the  work.  The 
number  of  draftsmen,  clerks  and  other  office  personnel 
will  necessarily  vary  according  to  the  activities  and 
appropriation  of  each  Commission.  Their  appointment 
should  be  under   Civil   Service. 

(  7  )  Commission  meetings  and  records.  The  Commission 
should  meet  regularly.  It  should  adopt  its  own  rules  of 
procedure  and  keep  a  record  of  its  proceedings,  re- 
ceipts and  disbursements. 

(  8  )  Committees.  It  is  desirable  to  form  committees  with- 
in the  Commission  to  cover  the  main  phases  of  the 
work.  Such  committees  may  meet  regularly,  or  sub- 
ject to  call,  to  investigate  details  and  report  their  find- 
ings at  the  regular  meetings  of  the  Commission  for 
definite  action.  Suggestions  for  committees  would  in- 
clude, Executive ;  Streets  and  Plats  ;  Parks,  Boulevards 
and  Recreation ;  Arts  and  Architecture  ;  Zoning ;  or  for 
any  special  activities  such  as  Waterfront  Development, 
Transportation,  etc. 

(  9  )     General  powers  and  duties  of  the  Commission. 

(a)  The  securing  of  a  comprehensive  City  Plan,  un- 
der the  advice  of  competent  experts. 

(b)  Approval  of  all  new  plats  within  and  for  a  dis- 
tance of  several  miles  beyond  the  City  Limits. 

(c)  Investigation  and  approval  of  all  lands  to  be  ac- 
quired by  the  City. 

(d)  Approval  of  all  street  openings  or  widenings. 

(e)  Approval  of  the  location  of  all  public  buildings, 
memorials,  bridges  or  other  public  structures. 
The  approval  of  the  design  of  public  structures 
although  an  Art  Commission  function,  in  Detroit 
resides  in  the  City  Plan  Commission.  In  Detroit 
also  all  landscape  designs  and  planting  plans  for 
city  parks,  boulevards  or  public  properties  are 
prepared  by  the  Plan  Commission. 

(f)  Preparation  of  a  zoning  plan  and  accompanying 
maps,    with   power   and   authority   to   enforce   its 


CITY    PLANNING 


13 


provisions    after    approval    and    adoption    by    the 
Legislative  Body, 
(g)     Close  co-operation  with  all  other  branches  of  the 
City  Government. 

(10)  Annual  estimate.  The  Commission  should  transmit 
each  year  to  the  City  Controller  on  or  before  a  specified 
date,  an  estimate  of  expenditures  required  for  the  en- 
suing fiscal  year. 

(11)  Annual  report.  The  Commission  should  transmit  each 
year  to  the  Mayor  on  or  before  a  specified  date,  a  re- 
port of  the  work  of  the  Commission  during  the  year. 
The  Commission  should  make  such  other  reports  as  the 
Legislative  Body  may  require. 


INDEX  OF  CITIES 


*Akron.  O. 
♦Albany,  N.  Y. 
♦Alton,  111. 
*Altus,  Okla. 
♦Auburn,  Me. 
Aurora,  111. 

♦Baltimore,  Md. 
♦Bangor,  Me. 
♦Berkeley,   Calif. 
♦Billerica,  Mass. 
♦Binghamton,  N.  Y. 
♦Birmingham,  Ala. 
♦Boston,  Mass. 
♦Boulder,  Colo. 

Bridgeport,  Conn. 
♦Brockton,  Mass. 
♦Brookline,  Mass. 
♦Buffalo,  N.  Y. 

♦Cambridge,  Mass. 
♦Cedar  Rapids,  la. 
fChampaign-Urbana,  111. 

Chattanooga,  Tenn. 
♦Chicago,  111. 
♦Cincinnati,  O. 
♦Cleveland,  O. 

Cohoes,  N.  Y. 
♦Colorado  Springs,  Colo. 


INCLUDED 

Columbia,  S.  C. 
♦Columbus,  O. 
♦Council  Bluffs,  la. 

♦Dallas,  Tex. 
♦Davenport,  la. 

Dayton,  O. 

Denver,  Colo. 

Des  Moines,  la. 
♦Detroit,  Mich. 
♦Dover,  N.  J. 

Dubuque,  la. 

♦East  St.  Louis,  111. 
♦Elgin,   111. 
♦Erie,  Pa. 
♦Evanston,  111. 

♦Fall  River,  Mass. 
♦Fayetteville,  N.  Y. 
♦Fitchburg,   Mass. 
♦Flint,   Mich. 
Fort  Wayne,  Ind. 

Glen  Ridge,  N.  J. 
fGrand  Canyon,  Ariz. 
♦Grand  Rapids,  Mich. 

Greenville,  S.  C. 


♦Answer  received. 


fQuestionnaire  not  sent. 


14 


CITY    PLANNIX G 


*Harrisburg,  Pa. 
*Hartford,  Conn. 

Honolulu,  Hawaii 

Houston,  Tex. 

Indianapolis,  Ind. 
♦Ithaca,  N.  Y. 

♦Jamestown,  N.  Y. 
"■Jersey  City,  N.  J. 
♦Johnstown,  Pa. 

♦Kansas  City,  Mo. 

La  Crosse,  Wis. 
♦Lawrence,  Mass. 

Little  Rock,  Ark. 
♦Los  Angeles,  Calif. 

Madison,  N.  J. 
♦Madison,  Wis. 
♦Manila,  P.  I. 
*  Milwaukee,  Wis. 
♦Minneapolis,  Minn. 
♦Montclair,  N.  J. 

♦New  Haven,  Conn. 
♦New  London,  Conn. 
♦New  York  City 
♦Newark,  N.  J. 
♦Newton,  Mass. 
Newport,  R.  I. 
♦Niagara  Falls,  N.  Y. 
♦Norfolk,  Va. 

Oakland,  Calif. 
♦Ogdensburg,  N.  Y. 

Oklahoma  City,  Okla. 
♦Omaha,  Neb. 

Paris,  Tex. 
♦Pasadena,  Calif. 
♦Peoria,  111. 


♦Philadelphia,   Pa. 

Pittsburgh,  Pa. 
♦Portland,  Ore. 
♦Providence,  R.  I. 
♦Pueblo,  Colo. 

♦Quincy,  Mass. 

♦Raleigh,  N.  C. 
♦Reading,  Pa. 
♦Ridgewood,  N.  J. 
♦Roanoake,  Va. 
♦Rochester,  N.  Y. 
♦Rockford,  111. 

Sacramento,  Calif. 
♦St.  Louis,  Mo. 

St.  Paul,  Minn. 

Salem,  Mass. 
♦San  Diego,  Calif. 

San  Francisco,  Calif. 
♦San  Jose,  Calif. 
♦Santa  Barbara,  Calif. 
♦Santa  Fe,  New  Mex. 
♦Seattle,  Wash. 
♦Spokane,  Wash. 
♦Springfield,  Mass. 

Stillwater,  Minn. 
♦Syracuse,  N.  Y. 

♦Trenton,  N.  J. 

♦Utica,  N.  Y. 

♦Walpole,  Mass. 
♦Washington,  D.  C. 

Waterbury,  Conn. 
♦Waterloo,  la. 

Watertown,  N.  Y. 

Winchester,  Mass. 

Worcester,  Mass. 


♦Answer  received. 


tQuestionnaire  not  sent. 


CITY    PLANNING  15 

ALPHABETIC  LIST  OF  CITIES,  with 

a)  Digests  of  Answers  to  Questionnaires 

b)  Lists  of  Published  City  Plan  Reports 

AKRON,  OHIO. 

DIGEST  OF  ANSWER: 

A  comprehensive  city  plan,  prepared  1917-1919  by  John  Nolen 
for  the  Chamber  of  Commerce,  under  consideration,  being: 
reviewed  by  the  Planning  Commission.  Planning  Commis- 
sion recommends ;  City  Council  legislates.  Publicity  cam- 
paign conducted,  using  newspapers,  Chamber  of  Commerce 
bulletins,  posters,  window  cards,  lectures  before  civic  socie- 
ties, etc. 

REPORTS: 

Nolen,  John.  City  plan  for  Akron  ;  prepared  for  Chamber 
of  Commerce,  1919. 

Williams,  Frank  Backus.  Akron  and  its  planning  law. 
Akron  Chamber  of  Commerce,  1919. 

Akron  City  Planning  Commission.  Rules  and  regulations 
governing  the  platting  of  land,  adopted  June  15,  1920.  July, 
1920.     Bui.  no.  1.  (A.  S.  DeForest,  special  adviser). 

ALBANY,  NEW  YORK 

DIGEST  OF  ANSWER: 

No  comprehensive  city  plan,  but  comprehensive  studies  for 
sections  and  particular  improvements,  made  by  Arnold  W. 
Brunner  and  Charles  Downing  Lay,  1912-1914,  working  in 
consultation  with  the  Commissioner  of  Public  Works  and  with 
the  City  Engineer.  Many  of  the  improvements  have  been 
carried  out:  street  widenings,  park  developments,  creation  of 
a  Plaza,  the  improvement  of  the  river  front,  city  entrances, 
etc.  Common  Council  authorized  employment  of  consultants. 
No  difficulties  encountered  in  proceeding  with  prepared  plans, 
public  appreciating  their  value.  Publicity  methods:  news- 
paper articles,  interviews,  illustrated  lectures,  sketches,  pub- 
lic exhibition  of  plans  and  suggested  improvements. 

REPORTS: 

Ware,  Franklin  B.,  State  Architect.  The  architectural  de- 
velopment of  Capitol  Hill  by  the  construction  of  Depart- 
ment buildings  and  the  extension  of  the  park  system.  1911. 


16  CITY    PLANNING 

Albany  Chamber  of  Commerce.  Report  of  Committee  ap- 
pointed to  suggest  a  plan  for  the  improvement  of  the  river 
front.    1911. 

Brunner,  Arnold  W.,  and  Charles  Downing  Lay.  Studies 
for  Albany.    1914. 

ALTON,  ILLINOIS 

DIGEST  OF  ANSWER: 

No  comprehensive  plan,  and  none  at  present  contemplated, 
owing  to  critical  financial  situation.  City  Council  the  muni- 
cipal authority  for  improvements.  A  percentage  of  public 
appreciates  the  value  of  plans.  Popular  interest  in  general 
city  improvements  created  by  mass  meetings,  illustrated  lec- 
tures, and  large  committees  for  personal  approach. 

REPORTS: 

Robinson,  Charles  Mulford.  The  advancement  of  Alton.  A 
general  city  plan  study  for  the  Board  of  Trade.    1914. 

ALTUS,  OKLAHOMA 

DIGEST  OF  ANSWER: 

No  comprehensive  city  plan,  but  preparation  of  one  antici- 
pated. Board  of  Aldermen  the  municipal  authority  for  im- 
provements. 

REPORTS : 

Jensen,  L.  P.  Preliminary  report  to  Altus  Chamber  of  Com- 
merce. "In  Altus,  Oklahoma."  Published  by  Hooker-Wis- 
hart  Investment  Co.    1910. 

AUBURN,  MAINE 

DIGEST  OF  ANSWER: 

City  has  a  city  plan  prepared  in  1918.  City  operates  under 
manager  form  of  charter,  and  has  plan  commission.  Difficulty 
felt  that  "plan  is  too  visionary,  not  all  practical."  Public  ap- 
preciative. 

REPORTS: 

West,  Myron  H.  Text  of  the  city  plan  for  Auburn,  Maine, 
1919.  (Published  in  Lewiston  (Maine)  Journal.  Auburn- 
Levviston,  April  14,  1920.) 


CITY    PLANNING  17 

AURORA,  ILLINOIS 

No  answer  received. 

REPORTS: 

West,  Myron  H.     A  system  of  parks  for  Aurora.     Chicago, 
American  Park  Builders.    1918. 

BALTIMORE,  MARYLAND 

DIGEST  OF  ANSWER: 

Has  comprehensive  plan.  The  following  is  quoted  from  the 
answer  by  Maj.  Joseph  W.  Shirley,  Chief  Engineer,  and  Chair- 
man, City  Plan  Committee : 

"In  1888  Baltimore  doubled  its  area  by  adding  approximate- 
ly 16  square  miles.  As  soon  as  this  was  accomplished  a  very 
careful  topographical  map  covering  the  entire  city  was  pre- 
pared and  a  General  Plan  of  Streets  was  adopted  for  the 
newly  added  territory.  In  about  1830  a  general  street  plan 
had  already  been  adopted  for  the  older  portion  of  the  city 
and  had  been  very  carefully  followed.  In  1902  a  general  Park 
Plan  recommended  by  Olmsted  Brothers  was  adopted  by  the 
City,  and  conformed  to  the  General  Plan  of  Streets  which  had 
been  adopted  a  few  years  before.  For  the  enforcement  of  the 
Street  Plan  the  State  Legislature,  at  the  request  of  the  City, 
passed  an  Act  which  prohibited  the  City  of  Baltimore  from 
accepting  as  public,  either  by  condemnation,  dedication  or 
otherwise,  any  street  that  did  not  conform  to  the  General 
Plan  of  Streets  for  the  Annex  or  that  Plan  duly  amended  by 
general  action  of  the  Topographical  Survey  Commission 
(originator  of  the  Plan)  and  the  Mayor  and  City  Council  of 
Baltimore.  This  Law  has  been  very  effective  in  enforcing 
developments  along  the  lines  laid  down  on  the  Street  Plan. 

"By  an  Act  of  the  Legislature  of  1918  Baltimore  again  ex- 
tended its  limits  and  added  to  its  territory  about  60  square 
miles,  making  a  total  of  about  90  square  miles  within  the 
corporate  limits. 

"In  October  1918  a  City  Plan  Committee  was  appointed 
by  the  Topographical  Survey  Commission,  (which  Commis- 
sion is  composed  of  the  Mayor,  Comptroller  and  Register 
this  Committee  consisting  of  the  Chief  Engineer  to  the  Topo- 
graphical Survey  Commission,  as  Chairman,  an  architect  not 
connected  with  the  City  Government,  as  Secretary,  and  the 
Harbor  Engineer  as  the  third  member.    This  Committee  was 


18  CITY    PLANNING 

authorized  to  prepare  a  comprehensive  plan  for  the  develop- 
ment of  the  entire  city,  and  was  authorized  to  employ  as 
consultants  the  firm  of  Carrere  &  Hastings,  of  New  York 
City.  This  General  Plan  was  completed  on  May  1st,  1919, 
and  covered  a  Street  System,  a  Plan  for  the  Development  of 
the  Harbor,  Extension  of  the  Park  System,  and  recommen- 
dations for  increased  railroad  and  rapid  transit  facilities. 

"By  an  Act  of  the  Legislature  of  1910  a  Commission  on 
City  Plan  was  authorized  and  afterwards  appointed,  but  this 
Commission  has  only  acted  in  an  advisory  capacity,  in  a  few 
instances,  and  has  not  been  active  for  the  past  few  years. 

"[Fall,  1919],  the  new  Mayor  of  Baltimore,  who  has  taken 
his  seat  since  May  1st,  1919,  appointed  an  Annex  Advisory 
Commission  to  consider  the  General  Plan  as  submitted  by  the 
City  Plan  Committee  and  to  make  recommendations  as  to 
ways  and  means  for  the  development  of  the  territory  recently 
added." 

"All  improvements  such  as  street  openings,  land  develop- 
ment, park  extensions,  etc.,  have  been  carried  out  in  accord- 
ance with  the  plans  originally  adopted." 

"Of  course  the  opposition  generally  met  by  developers  of 
private  lands  is  evident  in  Baltimore  as  elsewhere,  but  an 
effort  has  been  made,  which  has  been  apparently  successful, 
to  obtain  the  cooperation,  confidence  and  good  will  of  these 
developers,  the  City  being  always  ready  to  meet  them  on  any 
fair  grounds  and  assist  them  in  every  possible  way  to  work 
out  a  satisfactory  development.  With  the  provisions  as  men- 
tioned [above]  for  amendments  to  the  Plan  and  with  the  Law 
prohibiting  the  City  from  accepting  as  public  streets  that  do 
not  conform  to  the  Plan,  we  believe  that  in  Baltimore  we 
have  accomplished  as  much  as  has  been  accomplished  in  any 
other  city." 

Public  generally  does  appreciate  value  of  city  plans,  and 
has  been  informed  by  newspaper  publicity  and  by  conferences 
and  discussions. 

REPORTS: 

Olmsted  Bros.    Development  of  public  grounds  for  Greater 
Baltimore.    1901. 

Baltimore  Burnt  District  Commission.   Report  to  the  Mayor 
for  the  six  months  ending  Sept.  11,  1906. 


CITY    PLANNING  19 

Municipal  Art  Society  of  Baltimore.  Partial  report  on  City 
Plan.  (Advisory  Commission,  Carrere,  Brunner  and  Olm- 
sted.) 1910. 

Baltimore  Topographical  Survey  Commission.  Reports  to 
the  Mayor  and  City  Council  for  the  years  ending  1911,  1912. 

Baltimore  City  Plan  Committee.  Report  on  the  develop- 
ment of  the  territory  added  under  the  Act  of  1918,  together 
with  recommendations  and  suggestions  on  the  railroad, 
rapid  transit,  and  harbor  problems  of  the  city.  In  Baltimore 
Municipal  Journal,  May  9,  1919. 

BANGOR,  MAINE 

DIGEST  OF  ANSWER: 

No  official  plan.  Preparation  not  contemplated  immediately 
— "other  things  of  greater  importance  require  attention."  City 
council  the  authority  for  improvements. 

REPORTS: 

Manning,  Warren  H.  and  Bangor  Civic  Improvement  Com- 
mittee. Bangor  City  Plan:  The  burned  district.  (Joint  re- 
port)  1911. 

BERKELEY,  CALIFORNIA 

DIGEST  OF  ANSWER: 

"We  have  a  comprehensive  zone  law,  prepared  by  our  City 
Planning  Commission,  with  the  advice  of  Charles  H.  Cheney, 
our  Consultant.  Our  City  Planning  Commission  has  also  pre- 
pared a  comprehensive  plan  for  street  openings,  widenings, 
etc.  None  of  these  improvements  have  as  yet  been  carried 
out  as  the  plan  was  accepted  only  this  summer  (1920)  and  the 
Council  has  decided  to  wait  until  the  cost  of  street  work  is 
normal  before  saddling  the  expenses  involved  upon  the  prop- 
erty owners.  We  have  a  City  Planning  Commission  appoint- 
ed by  the  Council,  which  acts  in  an  advisory  capacity  and 
recommends  to  our  Council,  which  takes  final  action.  The 
difficulties  we  have  had  have  come  from  those  who  believe 
that  one  should  do  with  his  property  as  he  sees  fit  irrespec- 
tive of  its  effect  upon  his  neighbor,  and  it  has  taken  a  long 
time  to  overcome  the  opposition  of  this  point  of  view.  A 
consistent  campaign  of  education  has  been  carried  on  for  sev- 
eral years  and  has  finally  borne  fruit.     Our  Community  is  un- 


CITY    PLANNING 

doubtedly  in  favor  of  city  planning  as  it  has  been  done." — 
Louis  Bartlett,  Mayor. 

REPORTS: 

Berkeley  Civic  Art  Commission.  First  annual  report.  July, 
1916. 

Hegemann,  Werner.  Report  on  a  city  plan  for  the  muni- 
cipalities of  Oakland  and  Berkeley.  Prepared  and  published 
under  the  auspices  of  the  municipal  governments  of  Oak- 
land and  Berkeley,  the  Supervsors  of  Alameda  County,  the 
Chamber  of  Commerce  and  Commercial  Club  of  Oakland, 
the  Civic  Art  Commission  of  Berkeley,  the  City  Club  of 
Berkeley.    1915. 

BILLERICA,  MASSACHUSETTS 

DIGEST  OF  ANSWER: 

Comprehensive  development  studies  for  town  (3000  popula- 
tion) by  Warren  H.  Manning,  also  chairman  of  local  Park 
Commission.  A  number  of  park  improvements  carried  out. 
without  special  difficulties  and  with  public  appreciation.  Pop- 
ular interest  created  by  Community  days,  newspaper  articles, 
and  occasional  exhibitions  of  plans. 

REPORTS: 

Manning,  Warren  H.  The  Billerica  Town  Plan.  Published 
in  "Billerica,"  1912-1913  (and  in  "Landscape  Architecture," 
April.  1913.) 

BINGHAMTON,  NEW  YORK 

DIGEST  OF  ANSWER: 

No  comprehensive  city  plan.  Unable  even  to  secure  appro- 
priations for  preparation  of  plans,  due  wholly  to  short-term 
political  offices.  Common  Council  the  municipal  authority. 
The  public  does  not  appreciate  the  value  of  plans.  If  pos- 
sible, it  is  hoped  to  have  an  independent  citizens'  committee 
(10)  subdivided  in  subcommittees  on  Public  Instruction,  Pub- 
lic Safety  and  Public  Works,  for  purposes  of  study  and  sug- 
gestion. 

REPORTS: 

Robinson,  Charles  Mulford.  Better  Binghamton.  A  report 
to  the  Mercantile  Press  Club  of  Binghamton.    1911. 


CITY    PLANNING  21 

BIRMINGHAM,  ALABAMA 

DIGEST  OF  ANSWER: 

"We  have  not  developed  a  city  plan  and,  hence,  I  cannot  and 

do  not  fill  out  the  questionnaire." — Commissioner  of   Public 

Improvements. 

REPORTS: 

Manning,  Warren  H.  City  Plan  of  Birmingham.  Published 
by  subscription  in  Birmingham,  1919.  (Based  on  a  com- 
prehensive regional  study.) 

BOSTON,  MASSACHUSETTS 

DIGEST  OF  ANSWER: 

Comprehensive  plans  have  been  made  for  certain  sections  of 
the  City.  "Boston  is  made  up  of  units,  i.  e.,  Charlestown, 
Roxbury,  Dorchester,  East  Boston,  South  Boston,  West  Rox- 
bury,  Brighton,  etc.,  each  unit  having  certain  individual 
problems  peculiar  to  itself.  A  complete  survey  has  been  made 
of  East  Boston  and  the  North  End,  and  work  is  under  way 
in  the  South  Boston  section.  It  is  expected  that  these  in- 
dividual reports  will  serve  as  parts  of  a  general  comprehen- 
sive plan  covering  the  entire  city  when  circumstances  per- 
mit. While  working  upon  the  separate  sections,  the  needs 
of  the  whole  community  are  kept  constantly  in  mind,  and 
their  relation,  one  to  the  other."  Several  playgrounds  have 
been  established  in  accordance  with  recreation  survey.  Sur- 
veys and  recommendations  are  made  by  City  Planning  Board, 
established  by  municipal  ordinance  in  accordance  with  state 
legislative  Act  providing  that  all  cities  with  over  10,000  in- 
habitants should  establish  planning  boards.  Principal  diffi- 
culties encountered  is  lack  of  funds  to  carry  out  plans.  Pub- 
lic appreciation  limited,  but  growing.  Public  education  by 
means  of  illustrated  lectures,  cooperation  with  Chamber  of 
Commerce  and  civic  organizations,  newspaper  publicity,  and 
exhibitions. 

REPORTS: 

Boston  Society  of  Architects.  Report  of  Committee  on 
Municipal   Improvements.    1907. 

Kellaway,  Herbert  J.  Report  on  proposed  park  and  park- 
wavs  from  Charles  River  Reservation  to  West  Roxbury. 
1908. 


22  CITY    PLANNING 

Metropolitan  Improvement  Commission.     Report,  1909. 

Joint  Board  on  Metropolitan  Improvements.  Final  report. 
1910. 

Metropolitan  Plan  Commission.     Report.    1912. 

United  Improvement  Association.  Suggested  system  of 
main  thoroughfares  for  Boston.    1913. 

Boston  Chamber  of  Commerce.  Street  traffic  in  the  City  of 
Boston.  A  study  made  under  the  direction  of  the  govern- 
ing board  of  the  Under  Forty  Division,  Boston  Chamber  of 
Commerce.    1914. 

Boston  City  Planning  Board.  Larger  aspects  of  passenger 
transportation  in  Metropolitan  Boston.  Report  to  the 
Massachusetts  Public  Service  Commission.    1914. 

East  Boston,  a  survey  and  a  comprehensive  plan.  Pre- 
pared by  George  Gibbs,  Jr.,  February,  1915.  Published 
1916. 

A  summary  of  the  market  situation  in  Boston ;  pre- 
liminary report  of  the  Market  Advisory  Committee,  June, 
L915.     Published  1916. 

Boston  Port  Directors.  Supplementary  report,  March  31, 
1915. 

Clapp,  Edwin  J.  The  Port  of  Boston ;  a  study  and  a  solu- 
tion of  the  traffic  and  operating  problems  of  Boston.  New 
Haven,  Yale  University  Press,  1916.  (An  outgrowth  of  a 
private  report  made  to  the  Directors  of  the  Port  of  Boston, 
preceding  their  Supplementary  report.) 

Boston.  Commission  on  Height  of  Buildings.  Report,  No- 
vember 2,  1916. 

Boston  City  Planning  Board.  The  North  End ;  a  survey 
and  a  comprehensive  plan.  1919.  (Henry  L.  Whitney,  in- 
vestigator.) 

BOULDER,  COLORADO 

DIGEST  OF  ANSWER: 

Partial  plan,  prepared  by  Olmsted  Brothers.  Comprehen- 
sive plan  to  be  prepared  through  recently  created  Planning 
and  Parks  Commission  operating  under  authority  of  City 
Charter.     Improvements  according  to  Olmsted  plan  partially 


CITY    PLANNING  23 

carried  out:  acquiring  land  for  parks,  street  openings, 
width  of  roadways  and  parkings  for  paved  streets.  Popular 
interest  created  through  press  and  public  meetings,  but  not 
yet  time  to  judge  of  current  public  appreciation  or  public  op- 
position. 

REPORTS: 

Olmsted,  Frederick  Law.  The  improvement  of  Boulder, 
Colorado.  Report  to  City  Improvement  Association. 
March,  1910. 

BRIDGEPORT,  CONNECTICUT 

No  answer  received. 

REPORTS: 

Nolen,  John.  Preliminary  report  to  the  City  Plan  Com- 
mission, with  supplementary  material.    1915. 

Better  city  planning  for  Bridgeport;  some  fundamental 

proposals  to  the  City  Plan  Commission With  a  report  on 

legal  methods  of  carrying  out  the  changes  proposed  in  the 
city  plan  for  Bridgeport,  by  Frank  Backus  Williams.  1916. 
(Contains  substance  of  Mr.  Nolen's  More  Houses  for 
Bridgeport,  August,  1916.) 

BROCKTON,  MASSACHUSETTS 

DIGEST  OF  ANSWER: 

Suggestions  for  comprehensive  city  plan  prepared  by  A.  C. 
Comey  for  City  Planning  Board  1915,  and  program  of  pro- 
cedure, 1918.  Board  has  also  employed  Mr.  Comey  to  pre- 
pare a  tentative  zoning  ordinance  which  the  Board  hopes  to 
get  adopted  in  the  Fall  of  1920.  City  Planning  Board  is 
municipal  authority.  Chief  difficulty  is  lack  of  public  senti- 
ment although  appreciation  of  plans  just  beginning.  Interest 
created  through  local  press  and  municipal  authorities. 

REPORTS: 

Brockton  City  Planning  Board.  Annual  reports.  (2d,  1915, 
contains  comprehensive  plan  study,  and  5th,  1918,  contains 
procedure  program.) 

Suggested    form    for    Zoning    Ordinance.      Brockton, 

Mass.,  1920.  As  recommended  by  the  City  Planning  Board. 
(Arthur  C.  Comey,  consultant.) 


24  CITY    PLANNING 

BROOKLINE,  MASSACHUSETTS 

DIGEST  OF  ANSWER: 

No  city  plan,  but  Planning  Board  under  Massachusetts  State 
Law,  which  has  taken  up  certain  city  planning  problems. 
(Zoning  plan  in  progress.) 

REPORTS: 

Brookline  Planning  Board.  Annual  reports.  2d,  1915,  con- 
tains building  line  studies. 

BUFFALO,  IsfEW  YORK 

DIGEST  OF  ANSWER: 

Work  on  civic  center  and  zoning  system  going  on  from  early 
1919  by  City  Planning  Committee  of  Six,  composed  of  City 
Officials  (sub-heads)  appointed  by  Commission  Government. 
Many  improvements  carried  out  by  separate  planning  here- 
tofore with  some  regard  to  connective  unity,  which  will  be 
materially  advanced  by  operation  of  City  Planning  Commit- 
tee. "Stage  of  difficulties"  not  yet  reached.  Public  beginning 
to  appreciate  value  of  plans,  and  considerable  interest  mani- 
fested by  civic  and  business  organizations,  after  illustrated 
lectures.  Civic  organizations  have  appointed  an  Advisory 
Citizens'  Committee  to  cooperate  with  official  City  Planning 
Committee  on  civic  center.  Its  moral  support  highly  bene- 
ficial. (At  general  election  of  November  2,  1920,  referendum 
question  of  civic  center  voted  on  favorably  by  plurality  of 
12.000.) 

REPORTS : 

Robinson,  Charles  Mulford.  Report  to  the  Society  for  Beau- 
tifying Buffalo.   1902. 

Cary,  George.  The  grouping  of  public  buildings  and  gar- 
dens with  adjoining  water  front,  excursion  docks,  and  Union 
Station  for  the  City  of  Buffalo.    1905. 

Buffalo  City  Planning  Committee  of  "The  Council."  First 
annual  report.     October  30,  1918-December  31,  1919. 

CAMBRIDGE,  MASSACHUSETTS 

DIGEST  OF  ANSWER: 

No  comprehensive  plan  and  none  anticipated.  [Ed.  note.  City 

has   Planning  Board  under  state   law.     Studies  prepared  as 


CITY    PLANNING  25 

noted  below  and  zoning  study  in  progress,  Arthur  C.  Comey, 
consultant.] 

REPORTS: 

Harvard  University.  Committee  on  Harvard  Square.  The 
future  development  of  Harvard  Square  and  its  neighbor- 
hood. Report  of  a  committee  appointed  at  the  request  of  the 
Mayor  of  Cambridge.    1913. 

Cambridge  Planning  Board.  Annual  reports  (1st,  1915, 
contains  special  survey  maps.) 

Improvement  of  traffic  conditions  in  Harvard  Square: 

Report  of  the  Planning  Board.  1920.  (Arthur  C.  Comey, 
consultant.) 

Zoning  for  Cambridge.     Report  of  the  Planning  Board, 

1920.  (Arthur  C.  Comey,  consultant.) 

CEDAR  RAPIDS,  IOWA 

DIGEST  OF  ANSWER: 

Only  a  suggestive  plan  by  Charles  Mulford  Robinson,  in  1908, 
which  has  been  used  as  a  guide  in  a  general  way  and  a  great 
deal  done  since  that  time  along  these  lines.  Municipal  au- 
thority for  improvements  entirely  under  City  Council  operat- 
ing under  Commission  Form  of  Government.  The  prepara- 
tion of  the  city  plan  was  one  of  the  first  acts  of  the  first  Com- 
mission Council.  Plans  were  not  explicit  enough  to  cause  any 
particular  difficulties.  "In  addition  to  City  Council  a  River 
Front  Improvement  Commission  has  made  some  progress  to- 
wards permanently  improving  the  banks  of  the  river  flowing 
through  the  city ;  but  on  account  of  radical  measures  adopted 
by  them,  the  whole  matter  has  gone  into  the  courts  for  adjudi- 
cation, delaying  work  along  that  line."  Public  seems  to  ap- 
preciate value  of  plans. 

REPORTS: 

Robinson,  Charles  Mulford.  Report  with  regard  to  civic 
affairs,  with  recommendations  for  city  improvement  and 
beautification.    1908.      (To  the  Mayor  and  City  Council.) 

CHAMPAIGN-URBANA,  ILLINOIS 

No  questionnaire  sent. 


26  CITY    PLANNING 

REPORTS : 

University  of  Illinois.  Department  of  Horticulture.  Notes 
for  a  study  in  city  planning  in  Champaign-Urbana,  by  the 
1913  and  1914  classes  in  civic  design  at  the  University  of 
Illinois.  Prepared  under  the  direction  of  Professor  Charles 
Mulford  Robinson.     Published  1915. 

CHATTANOOGA,  TENNESSEE 

No  answer  received.  [Several  park  tracts  acquired  according 
to  plan.] 

REPORTS : 

Nolen,  John.  General  features  of  a  park  system  for  Chat- 
tanooga.   Report  to  the  Park  Commission.    Boston,  1911. 

CHICAGO,  ILLINOIS 

DIGEST  OF  ANSWER: 

Chicago  Plan  Commission  ("guardian  and  promoter  of  the 
Plan,"  appointed  by  City  Council,  1909)  refers  for  answer 
to  recent  book  by  W.  D.  Moody,  Managing  Director,  "What 
of  the  City?  The  Plan  of  Chicago,"  which  summarizes  fully 
the  progress  on  Chicago's  comprehensive  city  plan,  prepared 
by  D.  H.  Burnham  and  E.  H.  Bennett  (in  1909).  Notable 
features  under  construction  or  in  advanced  stages  of  legal 
procedure  are :  Roosevelt  Road  (Twelfth  Street)  and  Michi- 
gan Avenue  widening  and  extension  ;  the  West  Side  passen- 
ger and  freight  terminal  projects;  South  Shore  Lake  Front 
improvements ;  Illinois  Central  Railroad  terminal  rehabilita- 
tion ;  widening  or  extension  of  Western  Avenue,  Ashland 
Avenue,  Robey  Street,  Ogden  Avenue,  and  South  Water 
Street ;  acquisition  of  Forest  Preserves ;  improvement  of  outer 
highway  system.  November  4,  1919,  the  voters  of  Chicago 
passed  $28,000,000  worth  of  bond  issues  for  six  Chicago  Plan 
improvements  by  majorities  of  nearly  a  hundred  thousand. 

REPORTS: 

Chicago  Special  Park  Commission.  Report  to  the  City 
Council  on  a  metropolitan  park  system.    1904. 

Commercial  Club  of  Chicago.  Plan  for  a  boulevard  to  con- 
nect the  north  and  south  sides  of  the  river  on  Michigan 
avenue  and  Pine  street.    1908. 


CITY    PLANNING  27 

Plan  of  Chicago,  by  Daniel  H.  Burnham  and  Edward 

H.  Bennett;  ed.  by  Charles  Moore.  1909.  ("The  Chicago 
Plan.") 

Chicago  Harbor  Commission.  Report  to  the  Mayor  and 
Aldermen.    1909. 

Chicago  Plan  Commission.  Chicago's  greatest  issue ;  an 
official  plan.   1911. 

Arnold,  Bion  J.  Recommendations  and  general  plans  for  a 
comprehensive  passenger  subway  system  for  Chicago.  Re- 
port to  Mayor  and  City  Council  Committee  on  Local  Trans- 
portation.   1911. 

Mohler,  Charles  K.  Report  on  passenger  subway  and  ele- 
vated railway  development  in  Chicago.  Prepared  for  the 
Committee  on  Traffic  and  Transportation  of  the  City  Club 
of  Chicago.    1912. 

Chicago  Harbor  and  Subway  Commission.  Joint  report  on 
comprehensive  system  of  passenger  subways,  by  the  Harbor 
and  Subway  Commission  and  Sub-committee  of  the  Coun- 
cil, Committee  on  Local  Transportation.    1912. 

Report  on  dock  and  pier  development,  harbor  district 

No.  1.   1912. 

Moody,  Walter  Dwight.  Wacker's  Manual  of  the  plan  of 
Chicago ;  municipal  economy.  1912.  (Also  Teachers'  hand 
book.)     New  edition,  1916. 

Chicago  Plan  Commission.  Creating  a  world  famous  street ; 
argument  of  Charles  H.  Wacker,  chairman,  in  behalf  of 
widening  and  extending  Michigan  Avenue  to  properly  con- 
nect the  North  and  South  sides  of  Chicago.    1913. 

City  Club  of  Chicago.  The  railway  terminal  problems  of 
Chicago ;  a  series  of  addresses  before  the  City  Club.    1913. 

Wallace,  John  F.  Report  to  the  Committee  on  Railway 
Terminals  of  the  City  Council  of  Chicago.    1913. 

Arnold,  Bion  J.  Report  on  the  re-arrangement  and  develop- 
ment of  the  steam  railroad  terminals  of  Chicago.  Sub- 
mitted to  the  Citizens'  Terminal  Plan  Committee  of  Chi- 
cago.    November,  1913. 


28  CITY    PLANNING 

Hooker,  George  Ellsworth.  Through  routes  for  Chicago's 
steam  railroads  ;  the  best  means  for  attaining  popular  and 
comfortable  travel  for  Chicago  and  suburbs.  Published  by 
the  City  Club  of  Chicago.    1914. 

Chicago  Commission  on  Down-town  Municipal  Improve- 
ments. Progress  report  on  relief  for  sub-surface  congestion 
in  the  down-town  Chicago  streets.  Alvord  &  Burdick,  en- 
gineers. L.  A.  Dumond,  Secretary-Engineer  for  the  Com- 
mission.   1914. 

Chicago  Association  of  Commerce.  Committee  of  Investi- 
gation on  Smoke  Abatement  and  Electrification  of  Railway 
Terminals.  Report,  with  recommendations.  (Chicago, 
Rand,  McNally  &  Co.,  1915.) 

Chicago  Railway  Terminal  Commission.  Preliminary  re- 
port to  City  Council  Committee  on  Railway  Terminals. 
March,  1915. 

Chicago  Traction  and  Subway  Commission.  Report  to 
Mayor  and  City  Council  on  a  unified  system  of  surface, 
elevated  and  subway  lines.    1916. 

Chicago  Plan  Commission.  Chicago  can  get  fifty  million 
dollars  for  nothing!  How  it  can  be  done  by  building  the 
South  Shore  lakefront  park  lands.    1916. 

Reclaim  South  Water  Street  for  all  the  people.  Novem- 
ber, 1917. 

Chicago  City  Council.  Building  districts  and  restrictions ; 
a  bill  for  an  act  granting  to  cities  and  villages  in  the  State 
of  Illinois  power  to  create  residential,  business  and  indus- 
trial districts  or  zones.  Recommended  by  the  City  Council 
to  the  General  Assembly  of  Illinois  for  enactment  into  a  law. 
And  a  statement  of  the  desirability  of  giving  Chicago  power 
to  create  building  districts.     1917. 

Chicago  Bureau  of  Public  Efficiency.  Excess  condemna- 
tion. Why  Chicago  should  have  the  power,  in  making  pub- 
lic improvements,  to  take  property  in  excess  of  actual  re- 
quirements. Lessons  to  be  drawn  from  certain  unfortunate 
aspects  of  the  Twelfth  Street  and  Michigan  Avenue  widen- 
ing projects  and  the  proposed  Ogden  Avenue  extension. 
1918. 


CITY    PLANNING  29 

Chicago  Plan  Commission.  Reconstruction  platform  of 
Chicago  Plan  Commission.     December,  1918. 

Moody,  Walter  D.  What  of  the  City?  America's  greatest 
issue — city  planning,  what  it  is  and  how  to  go  about  it  to 
achieve  success.  Chicago,  A.  C.  McClurg  &  Co.,  1919. 
(Summary  of  Chicago  Plan  work.) 

Citizens'  Zone  Plan  Conference.  Chicago,  December  16-17, 
1919.     Report  of  proceedings. 

Chicago  Plan  Commission.  Ten  years  work  of  the  Com- 
mission, 1909-1919,  a  resume  of  the  work  on  the  plan  of 
Chicago.  Proceedings  of  the  19th  meeting  of  the  Chicago 
Plan  Commission.    April,  1920. 

CINCINNATI,  OHIO 

DIGEST  OF  ANSWER: 

No  comprehensive  city  plan  yet,  but  when  engineer  completes 
plats  of  city  now  in  preparation.  Commission  will  take  action. 
City  Plan  Commission  acts  under  powers  conferred  by  new 
city  charter.  Civic  organizations  to  attempt  to  raise  funds  for 
plans  and  educational  campaign. 

REPORTS: 

Cincinnati  Park  Commission.  A  park  system  for  Cincinna- 
ti. Report  by  George  E.  Kessler  of  The  Park  Commission 
to  the  Board  of  Public  Service.    1907. 

Arnold,  Bion  J.  Report  on  an  interurban  electric  railway 
terminal  system  for  Cincinnati.  Report  submitted  to  the 
Cincinnati  Interurban  Rapid  Transit  Commission.     1912. 

CLEVELAND,  OHIO 

DIGEST  OF  ANSWER: 

Comprehensive  plan  now  in  course  of  preparation.  A  pre- 
liminary study  made  by  experts  (R.  H.  Whitten,  consultant) 
in  collaboration  with  representatives  of  various  localities. 
Resulting  plan  then  to  be  legally  adopted  by  City  Council. 
Group  plan  (1903),  or  civic  center,  has  been  partially  carried 
out.  Present  authority  is  City  Plan  Commission.  Chief  diffi- 
culties encountered  in  lack  of  appropriate  legislation  and 
frequent  conflict  with  constitutional  questions.  It  is  expected 
to  carry  on  a  sweeping  publicity  campaign  to  popularize  the 


30  CITY    PLANNING 

plans  as  they  mature,  establishing  advisory  body  directly  rep- 
resenting public  to  aid  plan  and  securing  cooperation  of  all 
publicity  agencies. 

REPORTS: 

Cleveland  Board  of  Supervision  for  Public  Buildings  and 
Grounds.  The  group  plan  of  the  public  buildings  of  Cleve- 
land. Report  to  the  Mayor  and  Board  of  Public  Service  by 
Board  of  Supervision,  Messrs.  Burnham,  Carrere  and 
Brunner.     New  York,  1903.     2nd  edition,  1907. 

Cleveland  Chamber  of  Commerce.  The  Union  Station  on 
the  Lake  Front?  or  on  the  Public  Square?    December,  1918. 

Barclay  Parsons  &  Clapp.  Report  on  a  rapid  transit  system 
for  the  city  of  Cleveland,  made  to  the  Board  of  Rapid 
Transit  Commissioners.    1919. 

Cleveland  Metropolitan  Park  District.  First  annual  report. 
1919.  (W.  A.  Stinchcomb,  engineer;  F.  L.  Olmsted,  ad- 
visory.) 

Haynes,  Rowland,  and  Stanley  P.  Davies.  Public  provision 
for  recreation.  Cleveland  Foundation  Committee.  1920. 
(Cleveland  Recreation  Survey.) 

COHOES,  NEW  YORK 

No  answer  received. 

REPORTS: 

Cohoes  Public  Improvement  Commission.  Report,  from 
June,  1896-November,  1904. 

COLORADO  SPRINGS,  COLORADO 

DIGEST  OF  ANSWER: 

Has  comprehensive  city  plan  prepared  by  Charles  Mulford 
Robinson,  1908.  Improvements  partly  carried  out:  center 
parking,  etc.  City  Planning  Commission  (Advisory  to  City 
Council)  as  now  organized  does  not  function,  and  change  in 
organization  anticipated.  Public  does  not  appreciate  value 
of  city  plans. 

REPORTS : 

Robinson,  Charles  Mulford.  A  report  for  Colorado  Springs, 
and  El  Paso  Good  Roads  Association,  on  the  development 
of  the  streets.    1905. 


CITY    PLANNING  31 

A    general    plan    for    the    improvement    of    Colorado 

Springs.  Report  to  the  Department  of  Public  Works  and 
Property.     May,  1912. 

Colorado  Springs  Union  Depot  Commission.  Summary  of 
official  reports  for  the  years  1912-1913. 

COLUMBIA,  SOUTH  CAROLINA 

No  answer  received. 

REPORTS: 

Kelsey  &  Guild.  Improvement  of  Columbia.  Report  to 
the  Civic  League.    Harrisburg,  Pa.    1905. 

COLUMBUS,  OHIO 

DIGEST  OF  ANSWER: 

No  comprehensive  city  plan,  but  preparation  of  one  contem- 
plated. Municipal  authority,  City  Charter.  Plans  twice  de- 
feated. 

REPORTS: 

Columbus  Plan  Commission.  The  Plan  of  Columbus ;  re- 
port to  the  Mayor,  Board  of  Public  Service  and  City  Coun- 
cil, by  Austin  W.  Lord,  Albert  Kesley,  Charles  N.  Lowrie, 
Charles  Mulford  Robinson,  H.  A.  McNeil,  Plan  Commis- 
sion.   1908. 

COUNCIL  BLUFFS,  IOWA 

DIGEST  OF  ANSWER: 

No  comprehensive  city  plan  and  none  anticipated. 

REPORTS: 

Robinson,  Charles  Mulford.  Report  on  a  park  system  for 
Council  Bluffs,  made  to  the  Board  of  Park  Commissioners. 
1913. 

DALLAS,  TEXAS 

DIGEST  OF  ANSWER: 

Comprehensive  city  plan  prepared  by  George  E.  Kessler  in 
1911.  Improvements  have  been  carried  out  according  to  it, — 
a  few  streets  widened,  several  parks  secured.  The  city  plan 
was   prepared   prior   to   appointment   of   municipal   authority 


32  CITY    PLANNING 

(City  Plan  Commission)  to  carry  it  into  execution.  Diffi- 
culties encountered  in  insufficient  finances.  Public  does  ap- 
preciate value  of  plans,  popular  interest  having  been  created 
through  the  press. 

REPORTS: 

Kessler,  George  E.  A  city  plan  for  Dallas.  Report  of  Park 
Board.    1911. 

Dallas  Property  Owners'  Association.  The  Union  Station 
District ;  its  present  condition  and  its  possibilities.  June, 
1919.     Bui.  no.  2  of  the  Association. 

The  Trinity  River  Problem.     March,  1920.     Bui  no.  3 

of  the  Association. 

DAVENPORT,  IOWA 

DIGEST  OF  ANSWER: 

Comprehensive  city  plan  was  prepared  (1918)  by  Roscoe  K. 
Earle,  City  Engineer.  Improvements  have  been  carried  out: 
— parkway  2%  miles  long  (land  acquired),  2  street  openings, 
1  traffic  way.  Municipal  authority  is  Common  Council  action. 
Public  appreciates  value  of  plans.  Popular  interest  created 
by  newspaper  articles  fully  setting  forth  desirability  of  im- 
provements. (Note  change  of  name  of  City  Engineer,  since 
1918.) 

REPORTS: 

Sawistowsky,  Roscoe  Earle  (City  Engineer).  Report  to  the 
Mayor  and  City  Council  on  city  planning  for  Davenport. 
1918. 

DAYTON,  OHIO 

No  answer  received. 

REPORTS: 

Olmsted  Bros.  Report  on  proposed  park  system  for  Day- 
ton.   1911. 

DENVER,  COLORADO 

No  answer  received. 

REPORTS: 

Robinson,  Charles  Mulford.  Proposed  plans  for  the  im- 
provement of  Denver.  Prepared  for  the  Art  Commission. 
1906. 


CITY    PLANNING  33 

Special  Committee  on  Proposed  Improvements  in  Denver. 

Report,  1907. 

Olmsted,  Frederick  Law  and  Arnold  W.  Brunner.  Pre- 
liminary report  on  Denver  civic  center  to  Board  of  Park 
Commissioners.  Published  in  "City  of  Denver,"  August  3, 
1912. 

Bennett,  Edward  H.  The  Denver  civic  center  plan.  1917. 
(Pamphlet  issued  by  Denver  City  Service  Bureau.) 

DES  MOINES,  IOWA 

No  answer  received.  (Important  northwestern  diagonal 
thoroughfare  in  progress  of  construction,  according  to  plan 
of  Town  Planning  Committee.) 

REPORTS: 

Des  Moines  Town  Planning  Committee.  Capitol  extension 
plan ;  Park,  boulevard  and  traffic  way  system  ;  The  civic 
center.     (Poster,  with  text.)    1920. 

DETROIT,  MICHIGAN 

DIGEST  OF  ANSWER:  (Prepared  in  Detroit) 
Comprehensive  city  plan  actively  in  progress  by  City  Plan 
Commission  (operating  since  March  1919  under  new  city 
charter,  T.  Glenn  Phillips,  Consultant  and  Secretary)  con- 
tinuing partial  work  of  advisory  body  known  as  Detroit  City 
Plan  and  Improvement  Commission,  created  by  ordinance  in 
1909. 

The  new  charter  (January,  1919)  provides  that  there  shall 
be  a  City  Plan  Commission  of  nine  members,  citizens  of  the 
United  States  and  residents  of  Detroit,  who  shall  be  appointed 
by  the  Mayor  and  shall  include  an  architect,  civil  engineer, 
structural  engineer,  real  estate  dealer,  builder,  attorney  and 
physician,  to  hold  office  without  compensation  for  a  term  of 
three  years, — three  commissioners  retiring  each  year. 

The  general  powers  and  duties  of  the  Commission  include 
among  the  most  important  functions:  Approval  of  all  new 
plats  within  and  for  a  distance  of  three  miles  beyond  the  limits 
of  the  city.  Recommendations  to  the  Mayor  and  Common 
Council  for  the  opening  or  widening  of  all  streets  and  for  city 
plans  and  improvements  generally.  Approval  of  all  property 
to  be  acquired  for  park,  boulevard  and  recreation  purposes. 


34  CITY    PLANNING 

Approval  of  plans  and  location  of  all  public  buildings,  monu- 
ments, memorials,  bridges,  or  other  public  structures.  Prep- 
aration of  all  park  designs  and  landscape  work  to  be  done  by 
the  city.  Preparation  of  a  building  zone  plan  to  regulate  the 
use,  height  and  bulk  of  buildings,  with  power  and  authority 
to  enforce  its  provisions  after  approval  and  adoption  by  the 
Common  Council.  Improvements  recommended  by  the  City 
Plan  Commission  since  March,  1919,  and  adopted  by  the  Com- 
mon Council  include  Street  Openings  or  Widenings,  approxi- 
mately 80  miles,  exclusive  of  plans  for  an  Outer  Drive  around 
Detroit,  150  feet  wide  and  46  miles  in  length — major  portions 
of  which  have  already  been  dedicated.  Park  Areas,  1744  acres 
in  seven  (7)  parcels.  Playgrounds,  18  with  a  total  of  22.23 
acres.  Playfields,  5  with  a  total  of  158.44  acres.  Plats  and 
Land  subdivisions,  approximately  70.  Aviation  Field,  320 
acres.  In  addition,  the  Commission  has  prepared  a  compre- 
hensive Zoning  ordinance  and  maps  (Edward  M.  Bassett, 
Robert  H.  Whitten,  Harland  Bartholomew,  advisors).  Lack 
of  adequate  Home  Rule  power  delegated  to  municipal  gov- 
erning board  by  State  Legislature  has  prevented  the  adoption 
of  the  Zoning  ordinance.  A  law  to  enable  Michigan  cities  to 
zone  will  be  placed  before  the  1921  session  of  the  State  Leg- 
islature. The  Commission  has  completed  a  survey  of  existing 
conditions  along  Detroit's  waterfront  in  connection  with  the 
proposed  development  of  the  Port  of  Detroit.  Studies  have 
been  prepared  for  the  location  of  a  new  City  Hall  in  the 
downtown  district.  A  definite  system  of  main  thorofares  and 
boulevards  has  been  prepared  by  the  Commission  for  a  radius 
of  approximately  25  miles  about  Detroit.  This  plan  has  been 
adopted  officially  by  the  Wayne  County  authorities  and  pub- 
lic dedication  of  these  thorofares  will  be  required  on  all  future 
plats  and  subdivisions.  The  appropriation  from  the  general 
city  budget  to  carry  on  the  work  of  the  City  Plan  Commis- 
sion amounted  to  $50,000.00  for  1919-20,  and  $41,540.00  for 
1920-21.  There  has  been  an  average  of  fifteen  (15)  office  em- 
ployees since  March  1919.  The  work  of  the  Commission  is 
carried  on  in  closest  co-operation  with  all  other  branches  and 
departments  of  public  administration.  By  recent  resolution  of 
the  Common  Council,  the  Commission  must  post  notices  of 
public  improvements  in  the  neighborhoods  affected.  Special 
assessments  bear  the  major  cost  of  local  improvements.  The 
Commission  and  Common  Council  hold  public  hearings  before 
adopting  any  extensive  improvements. 


CITY    PLANNING  35 

Public  appreciation  and  support  of  plans  for  civic  improve- 
ments is  evidenced  by  the  $10,000,000  bond  issue  for  parks 
voted  in  1919  and  $5,000,000  for  bridges  1919  and  1920.  Pub- 
licity is  obtained  through  public  hearings,  issuance  of  pamph- 
lets, public  press,  lectures  and  co-operation  of  local  organiza- 
tions. 

REPORTS : 

Olmsted,  Frederick  Law,  and  C.  M.  Robinson.  Improve- 
ment of  Detroit.  Reports  to  the  Detroit  Board  of  Com- 
merce.    1905. 

Detroit  Board  of  Commerce.  Improvement  of  Detroit. 
Proposed  extension  of  Washington  Boulevard.  Report  of 
Directors  to  membership,  Detroit  Board  of  Commerce. 
1906. 

Phillips,  T.  Glenn.  City  tree  planting.  Published  by  De- 
troit City  Plan  and  Improvement  Commission.  1st  ed.  1910. 
Revised  ed.  191-4. 

Detroit  City  Plan  and  Improvement  Commission.  A  center 
of  arts  and  letters.  Report  of  Joint  Committee  representing 
various  Detroit  organizations,  together  with  plans  prepared 
by  Edward  H.  Bennett  and  Frank  Miles  Day.    1913. 

James  Scott  memorial  fountain;  statement  of  progress. 

November,  1914. 

Olmsted,  Frederick  Law.  Conditions  in  Detroit,  1915  (re- 
port to  the  City  Plan  and  Improvement  Commission),  to- 
gether with  a  report  to  the  Detroit  Board  of  Commerce  in 
1905.     Published  by  the  Commission,  1915. 

Bennett,  Edward  H.  Preliminary  plan  of  Detroit ;  togeth- 
er with  sketch  plans  for  a  new  bridge  to  Belle  Isle  by  Cass 
Gilbert,  architect,  Barclay  Parsons  &  Klapp,  engineers.  Pub- 
lished by  Detroit  City  Plan  and  Improvement  Commission, 
1915. 

Comey,  Arthur  Coleman.  Detroit  suburban  planning ;  re- 
port of  the  City  Plan  and  Improvement  Commission.  Based 
on  the  preliminary  plan  for  Detroit,  by  E.  H.  Bennett. 
Published  by  the  Commission,  1915. 

Barclay  Parsons  &  Klapp.  Report  on  Detroit  street  rail- 
way traffic  and  proposed  subway  made  to  Board  of  Street 
Railway  Commissioners,  1915. 


36  CITY    PLANNING 

Detroit  Department  of  Public  Works.  Report  on  grade 
separation  in  Detroit;  report  of  progress,  January  1,  1917 
to  July  1,  1918.  Prepared  by  the  Division  of  Grade  Separa- 
tion and  Bridges  under  the  direction  of  the  Department  of 
Public  Works. 

Detroit  City  Plan  Commission.  Excess  condemnation.  A 
few  facts  in  support  of  proposed  constitutional  amendment 
approved  by  Common  Council  of  Detroit.     March,  1919. 

Charter  provisions  for  the  City  Plan  Commission,  ef- 
fective March  1,  1919.  Published  by  the  Commission. 
April,  1919. 

Dix-High-Waterloo-thoroughfare  ;  the  opening,  widen- 
ing and  connecting  of  an  important  crosstown  traffic  route 
for  Detroit.    1919. 

A  building  zone  plan  for  Detroit.     November,  1919. 

Michigan    excess    condemnation    act.      An    amendment 

to  the  constitution  of  the  State  of  Michigan  as  adopted  by 
the  Legislature  in  extra  session  1919.  to  be  submitted  to 
the  vote  of  the  people,  November,  1920.  Published  by  the 
City  Plan  Commission.     November,  1919. 

DOVER,  NEW  JERSEY 

DIGEST  OF  ANSWER: 

Comprehensive  city  plan   was  prepared  in    1911,  but   no  im- 
provements have  been  carried  out. 

REPORTS: 

Comey,  Arthur  Coleman.  Town  planning  for  Dover.  Re- 
port to  the  Mayor  and  Common  Council.    1913. 

DUBUQUE,  IOWA 

No  answer  received. 

REPORTS: 

Robinson,  Charles  Mulford.  Report  on  the  improvement 
of  Dubuque,  to  a  Joint  Committee  representing  Dubuque 
Commercial  Club,  Civic  Division  Dubuque  Woman's  Club, 
and  Trades  and  Labor  Congress.    1907. 


CITY    PLANNING  37 

EAST  SAINT  LOUIS,  ILLINOIS 

DIGEST  OF  ANSWER: 

Comprehensive  city  plan  prepared  by  Harland  Bartholomew 
for  War  Civics  Committee,  not  yet  carried  out.  Rebuilding 
some  streets  and  improving  parks  and  high  costs  delay  im- 
provement on  a  large  scale.  Municipal  authority  is  Mayor 
and  four  Commissioners.  Plan  prepared  prior  to  appoint- 
ment of  authority  to  carry  it  into  execution.  Some  of  public 
oppose  it  on  account  of  costs,  others  appreciate  value  of  such 
plans. 

REPORTS: 

Bartholomew,  Harland.  A  comprehensive  city  plan  for 
East  St.  Louis,  prepared  for  War  Civics  Committee.  East 
St.  Louis,  1920. 

ELGIN,  ILLINOIS 

DIGEST  OF  ANSWER: 

City  has  a  comprehensive  plan  prepared  for  Elgin  Commercial 
Club  by  E.  H.  Bennett.  Improvements  have  been  carried  out 
according  to  plan:  street  openings  and  parks  and  playgrounds. 
Work  done  under  Commission  form  of  city  government. 
Plan  prepared  prior  to  appointment  of  authority  to  carry  it 
out.  Difficulties  found  in  lack  of  funds  owing  to  restriction 
to  certain  per  cent,  of  valuation.  Public  appreciative.  Gen- 
eral educational  campaigns  necessary  since  all  appropriations 
voted  by  people  under  commission  form  of  government. 

REPORTS: 

Bennett,  Edward  H.  Plan  of  Elgin,  prepared  for  Elgin  Com- 
mercial Club.    January,  1917. 

ERIE,  PENNSYLVANIA 

DIGEST  OF  ANSWER: 

Comprehensive  city  plan  prepared  1913  by  John  Nolen.  Im- 
provements have  been  carried  out :  city  has  laid  out  3-mile 
zone  outside  city  limits ;  state  law  requires  City  Planning 
approval  before  plat  or  deed  can  be  recorded.  Municipal  au- 
thority is  City  Planning  Commission  named  by  City  Council 
(subsequent  to  Nolen  plan).  Great  difficulties  encountered 
in  old  section  of  city,  new  streets,  compelled  to  be  in  line  with 
city  streets  and  some  dispute  as  to  city  jurisdiction  outside  city 


38  CITY    PLANNING 

limits.  Public  does  appreciate  value  of  plans.  "Too  bad  not 
in  effect  25  years  ago."  Mass  meetings  were  held  when  an- 
nexation territory  was  up,  and  maps  presented  showing  great 
benefit  by  following  plan. 

REPORTS: 

Erie  City  Planning  Committee.  Greater  Erie ;  plans  and 
reports  for  the  extension  and  improvement  of  the  city,  pre- 
pared for  the  City  Planning  Committee  of  the  Chamber  of 
Commerce  and  The  Board  of  Trade.  John  Nolen,  city 
planner.  Supplementary  chapters  by  E.  P.  Goodrich,  Henry 
C.  Long,  and  F.  van  Z.  Lane.    1913. 

EVANSTON,  ILLINOIS 

DIGEST  OF  ANSWER: 

Comprehensive  city  plan  prepared  by  Small  Parks  and  Play- 
grounds Association  in  1918.  No  improvements  carried  out 
according  to  it,  owing  to  high  costs  and  curtailment  of  all  but 
very  necessary  work.  Common  Council  Action  the  municipal 
authority.  Public  appreciates  value  of  plans  very  much,  and 
the  Association  and  clubs  create  interest.  "We  are  now 
working  on  a  Zoning  Ordinance  (prepared  by  Harland  Bar- 
tholomew). Our  City  Plan  is  very  beautiful  and  necessarily 
very  costly ;  and  it  will  be  a  long  time  before  we  can  hope 
to  start  on  it.  We  believe  zoning  to  be  more  vital  to  the 
general  health  and  welfare  than  'city  planning,'  so  called." 
— H.  P.  Pearsons,  Mayor. 

REPORTS: 

Evanston  Small  Parks  and  Playgrounds  Assocation.  Plan 
of  Evanston.  (Edited  by  Henry  K.  Webster.)  1917.  (D. 
H.  Burnham,  Jr.,  Chairman  Plan  Committee  of  Architects.) 

FALL  RIVER,  MASSACHUSETTS 

DIGEST  OF  ANSWER: 

"A  planning  Board  was  appointed  by  me  some  time  ago  un- 
der authority  of  an  act  of  the  Legislature.  This  Board  has 
engaged  an  engineer  who  is  preparing  plans  for  the  develop- 
ment of  the  center  of  the  city,  and  the  Board  will  later  on 
consider  a  plan  for  the  whole  city." — Mayor  J.  H.  Kay. 

REPORTS: 

Fall  River  Watuppa  Ponds  and  Quequechan  River  Commis- 
sion. Report,  together  with  report  of  Fay,  Spofford  and 
Thorndike,  consulting  engineers.     Boston,  1915. 


CITY    PLANNING  39 

FAYETTEVILLE,  NEW  YORK 

DIGEST  OF  ANSWER: 

No  comprehensive  plan.  Village  Board  of  Trustees  is  muni- 
cipal authority.  Public  unappreciative  of  plans.  There  is 
Civic  League  for  creating  interest.  Effort  is  being  made  to 
secure  improved  thoroughfare  through  village  which  will  re- 
quire bonds  to  the  limit. 

REPORTS: 

Robinson,  Charles  Mulford.  Fayetteville's  opportunities. 
Report  to  the  Fayetteville  Park  Commission.    1909. 

FITCHBURG,  MASSACHUSETTS 

DIGEST  OF  ANSWER: 

No  comprehensive  city  plan  and  none  contemplated.  City 
Council  action  the  authority  for  improvements.  People  are 
not  ready  to  favor  a  general  plan.  There  is  a  Municipal  De- 
velopment Commission  which  hopes  to  create  interest  in  gen- 
eral city  improvements  by  "patient  agitation." 

REPORTS: 

Comey,  Arthur  Coleman.  Preliminary  study  of  the  thoro- 
fare  system  of  Fitchburg,  1915.  (Municipal  Development 
Commission,  Bui.  no.  4) 

FLINT,  MICHIGAN 

DIGEST  OF  ANSWER: 

There  is  a  comprehensive  plan.  Survey  was  begun  in  1917, 
and  report  published  1920  with  recommendations  of  Mr.  Nolen 
on  city  planning  and  Mr.  Arnold  on  transportation.  (Also 
Mr.  Manning  reported  to  Park  Commission  in  1918.)  Several 
hundred  acres  of  park  land  were  purchased  to  carry  out  the 
plan,  and  several  main  thoroughfares  and  parkways  have  been 
opened  by  condemnation.  The  City  Planning  Board  was  or- 
ganized in  June  1917,  about  the  time  consultants  were  en- 
gaged. It  was  established  by  city  charter  amendment  and 
has  power  to  plan  for  3  miles  beyond  the  city  limits.  All 
recommendations  of  the  Board  must  be  passed  by  Council  if 
expenditure  involved.  Difficulties  encountered  in  lack  of  city 
ordinance  regulating  platting,  now  being  drafted,  and  lack  of 
authority  for  zoning  and  excess  condemnation.  Public  ap- 
preciative.    Publicity  secured  in  local  paper  and  lantern  lee- 


40  CITY    PLANNING 

tures  to  fraternal  and  labor  organizations.  "Endless  educa- 
tion is  necessary." 

REPORTS: 

Nolen,  John,  and  Bion  J.  Arnold.  The  city  plan  of  Flint, 
Mich.,  as  approved  by  the  City  Planning-  Board  and  ac- 
cepted by  the  Common  Council.  Published  by  the  City 
Planning  Board,  1920. 

FORT  WAYNE,  INDIANA 

No  answer  received.  (George  E.  Kessler  &  Co.  issued  a  map 
of  Fort  Wayne  in  1920,  showing  present  parks,  proposed 
parks  and  boulevards  and  park  districts.) 

REPORTS: 

Robinson,  Charles  Mulford.  Report  for  Fort  Wayne  Civic 
Improvement  Association.    1910. 

GLEN  RIDGE,  NEW  JERSEY 

No  answer  received.  (Town  center  improvements  carried 
out  according  to  plan.) 

REPORTS: 

Nolen,  John.  Glen  Ridge,  a  report.  1909.  (Plans  prepared 
for  Muncipal  Art  Commission,  and  published  by  commit- 
tee of  citizens.) 

GRAND  CANYON,  ARIZONA 

No  questionnaire  sent. 

REPORTS: 

Waugh,  Frank  A.  A  plan  for  the  development  of  the  Vil- 
lage of  Grand  Canyon.  1918.  (U.  S.  Dep.t.  of  Agriculture 
Forest  Service.) 

GRAND  RAPIDS,  MICHIGAN 

DIGEST  OF  ANSWER: 

Preliminary  plan  of  1907  (Carrere  &  B runner)  being  used  as 
basis.  Some  improvements  have  been  carried  out:  5  parks 
and  a  5%  mile  drive  acquired.  City  Planning  Commission 
appointed  by  City  Commission,  Summer  1919,  to  act  in  ad- 
visory capacity  is  studying  situation,  and  waiting  for  excess 
condemnation  amendment  to  State  Constitution  (to  come  up 


CITY    PLANNING  41 

November  1920)  before  recommending  any  large  plans.  Co- 
operative spirit  on  part  of  City  Commission,  but  nothing  laid 
before  public  as  yet. 

REPORTS: 

Brunner,  Arnold  W.  and  John  M.  Carrere.  Preliminary  re- 
port for  a  city  plan  for  Grand  Rapids.  Submitted  to  the 
City  Plan  Commission.    1909. 

GREENVILLE,  SOUTH  CAROLINA 

No  answer  received. 

REPORTS: 

Kelsey  &  Guild.  Beautifying  and  improving  Greenville. 
Report  to  the  Municipal  League.     Boston,  January,  1907. 

HARRISBURG,  PENNSYLVANIA 

DIGEST  OF  ANSWER: 

Answer  received  late.  (Important  river  front  and  park  improve- 
ments, following  recommendations  by  Warren  H.  Manning, 
have  been  carried  out.  Monumental  development  of  the  capi- 
tol  grounds  is  projected,  Arnold  W.  Brunner  and  Warren  H. 
Manning,  consultants.)  There  is  a  City  Planning  Commis- 
sion confirmed  by  Council.  Comprehensive  city  plan  has  been 
prepared,  controlling  a  radius  of  three  miles  outside  city 
limits. 

REPORTS: 

McFarland,  J.  Horace.  The  awakening  of  Harrisburg: 
some  account  of  the  improvement  movement  begun  in  1902 ; 
with  the  progress  of  the  work  to  the  end  of  1906.  Pub- 
lished in  cooperation  with  the  Municipal  League  of  Harris- 
burg and  the  Harrisburg  Board  of  Trade,  by  the  National 
Municipal  League. 

HARTFORD,  CONNECTICUT 

DIGEST  OF  ANSWER: 

Has  comprehensive  plan,  by  Carrere  and  Hastings,  1911,  in 
accordance  with  which  improvements  have  been  carried  out: 
new  streets  in  both  residence  and  business  districts,  street 
widenings,  waterfront  improvements,  development  of  vacant 
and  unimproved  tracts  of  land.  A  Commission  on  The  City 
Plan  was  established  by  Charter  amendment  in  1907*.     Chief 


42  CITY    PLANNING 

difficulties  encountered,  in  relation  to  excess  condemnation 
and  appropriations  for  radical  and  expensive  changes.  Apathy 
on  part  of  political  powers  and  lack  of  cooperation  on  part  of 
business  interests.  Public  appreciates  plans  only  to  limited 
extent.  Interest  created  largely  through  public  press. 
*First  in  United  States. 

REPORTS: 

Carrere  &  Hastings.  A  plan  of  Hartford.  Preliminary  re- 
port to  the  Hartford  Commission  on  the  City  Plan.    1912. 

HONOLULU,  HAWAII 

No  answer  received. 

REPORTS: 

Robinson,  Charles  Mulford.  The  beautifying  of  Honolulu. 
Report  for  the  Board  of  Supervisors.   1906.   Reprinted,  1907. 

HOUSTON,  TEXAS 

No  answer  received. 

REPORTS: 

Comey,  Arthur  Coleman.  Houston ;  tentative  plans  for  its 
development ;  report  to  the  Houston  Park  Commission. 
Boston,  1913. 

INDIANAPOLIS,  INDIANA 

No  answer  received. 

REPORTS: 

Brown,  Charles  Carroll.  A  group  plan  for  Indianapolis. 
Indianapolis  Civic  Improvement  Association.  Bui.  no.  1 
(about  1905) 

ITHACA,  NEW  YORK 

DIGEST  OF  ANSWER: 

No  comprehensive  plan,  but  preparation  of  one  anticipated  by 
appointment  of  a  Commission  to  advise  the  City  Administra- 
tion. Pavements  are  being  extended  and  the  city  expects  to 
establish  a  recreation  park  at  the  Lake.  Municipal  authority 
is  Common  Council  and  Board  of  Public  Works.  Public  to 
be  interested  through  press,  Rotary  Club,  and  other  local 
organizations.     Public  appreciation  of  plans  expected. 


CITY    PLANNING  43 

REPORTS: 

Manning,  Warren  H.  Report  to  accompany  study  for  a 
system  of  reservations  for  Ithaca.    1908. 

JAMESTOWN,  NEW  YORK 

DIGEST  OF  ANSWER: 

A  plan  was  prepared  in  1908  by  Charles  Mulford  Robinson. 
Municipal  authority  is  combination  of  common  council  with 
appointive  commissions  for  public  utilities  and  welfare.  Pub- 
lic has  not  manifested  any  appreciation  of  value  of  plans. 

REPORTS : 
Jamestown  Board  of  Park  Commissioners.    First  annual  re- 
port,   embracing-   a    comprehensive   plan   for    the   establish- 
ment of  a  city  park  system,  by  Charles  Mulford  Robinson. 
1908. 

JERSEY  CITY,  NEW  JERSEY 

DIGEST  OF  ANSWER: 

No  comprehensive  city  plan. 

REPORTS: 

Goodrich,  Ernest  P.  and  George  B.  Ford.  Report  of  sug- 
gested plan  of  procedure  for  City  Plan  Commission,  Jersey 
City.     As  of  November  30,  1912.    Issue  May  1,  1913. 

Addenda  memoranda.    1913. 

Lane,  F.  Van  Z.  $50,000,000  more  ratables  for  Jersey  City. 
Preliminary  report  to  Jersey  City  Chamber  of  Commerce 
on  an  industrial  development  railroad  for  Jersey  City, 
January,  1915. 

JOHNSTOWN,  PENNSYLVANIA 

DIGEST  OF  ANSWER: 

City  plan  prepared  by  experts  employed  by  the  City  Planning 
Commission  in  1917.  No  improvements  to  amount  to  any- 
thing carried  out  owing  to  war.  City  Planning  Commission 
operates  under  1913  state  law.  No  special  difficulties,  ex- 
cept increased  cost  has  somewhat  stood  in  the  way  of  prog- 
ress. Public  believed  to  be  appreciative  but  have  not  had 
opportunity  to  study  the  plan  because  only  500  copies  of  re- 
port were   printed.     Interest   created  by  illustrated  lectures, 


44  CITY    PLANNING 

newspaper  stories,  and  recently  through  the  public  school 
system.  Work  with  the  schools  expected  to  prove  of  great 
interest. 

REPORTS: 

Hornbostel,  Henry,  George  Wild,  and  Victor  A.  Rigaumont. 
The  comprehensive  plan  of  Johnstown,  a  city  practicable. 
Report  to  City  Planning  Commission  and  the  City  Council. 
1917. 

KANSAS  CITY,  MISSOURI 

DIGEST  OF  ANSWER: 

Ordinance  providing  for  appointment  and  establishment  of  a 
City  Planning  Commission  passed  and  approved  by  Mayor 
December  16,  1919.  "The  Mayor  has  appointed  a  commis- 
sion of  eight  members,  the  commission  has  organized  opened 
executive  offices  and  is  beginning  work  on  a  city  plan." — 
Secretary,  City  Plan  Commission,  August  23,  1920. 

REPORTS: 

Kansas  City  Board  of  Park  Commissioners.  Special  report 
for  the  Blue  Valley  Parkway.     1912. 

Arnold,  Bion  J.  Report  on  the  value  of  the  properties  of 
the  Metropolitan  Street  Railway  system  of  Kansas  City. 
A  study  of  the  complete  traction  problem  of  the  city.  Re- 
port to  Circuit  Judge.    1913. 

LA  CROSSE,  WISCONSIN 

No  answer  received.  (Comorehensive  plan  prepared  by  John 
Nolen,  1920,  for  War  Memorial  Committee  of  La  Cross,  rep- 
resenting Chamber  of  Commerce,  City  Government,  Park 
Board,  and  County  Commissioners.) 

REPORTS : 

Nolen,  John.  The  making  of  a  park  system  in  La  Crosse. 
Report  to  Park  Commission.    1911. 

LAWRENCE,  MASSACHUSETTS 

DIGEST  OF  ANSWER: 

"No  city  plan  has  ever  been  taken  of  the  city  of  Lawrence, 

and  there  is  none  in  contemplation." 


CITY    PLANNING  45 

REPORTS: 

Lawrence  Planning  Board.  Annual  reports.  (2d,  1915,  con- 
tains Lawrence  city  planning  studies,  report  by  A.  C. 
Comey.) 

LITTLE  ROCK,  ARKANSAS 

No  answer  received.  (Some  improvements,  especially  in-town 
parks,  carried  out.) 

REPORTS: 

Nolen,  John.  Report  on  a  park  system  for  Little  Rock, 
(to  the  Little  Rock  Parkways  Association).    1913. 

LOS  ANGELES,  CALIFORNIA 

DIGEST  OF  ANSWER: 

No  comprehensive  plan  officially,  but  various  plans  suggest- 
ed. City  now  considering  preparation  of  one  by  establishing 
official  city  planning  commission.  Public  appreciates  some- 
what the  value  of  plans.  Interest  being  created  by  semi- 
monthly educational  programs  of  City  Planning  Association 
and  publicity  in  newspapers.  (Ordinance  creating  City  Plan- 
ning Board  passed  March,  1920.) 

REPORTS: 

Los  Angeles  Municipal  Art  Commission.  Report  contain- 
ing The  city  beautiful ;  suggestions  by  Charles  Mulford 
Robinson.    1909. 

Arnold,  Bion  J.  The  transportation  problem  of  Los 
Angeles.  Report  published  as  special  supplement  to  "The 
California  Outlook,"  November,  1911. 

Cox,  Laurie  Davidson.  Report  on  proposed  Arroyo  Seco 
Parkway  submitted  to  the  Los  Angeles  Board  of  Park 
Commissioners.  Published  as  special  supplement  to  "The 
California  Outlook,"  November  18,  1911. 

MADISON,  NEW  JERSEY 

No  answer  received. 

REPORTS: 

Manning,  Warren  H.  Improvement  of  Madison.  Report 
to  the  Highway,  Park  and  Playground  Committee  of  the 
Madison  Civic  Association.    1909. 


16  CITY    PLANNING 

MADISON,  WISCONSIN 

DIGEST  OF  ANSWER: 

No  comprehensive  plan  and  none  anticipated. 

REPORTS: 

Nolen,  John.  Madison :  a  model  city.  Report  to  the  Madi- 
son Park  and  Pleasure  Drive  Association  and  Citizens' 
Committee.     Boston,  1911. 

MANILA,  PHILIPPINE  ISLANDS 

DIGEST  OF  ANSWER: 

Comprehensive  city  plan,  prepared  by  the  late  D.  H.  Burn- 
ham,  1905,  and  called  Burnham  plan  of  Manila. 
"Besides  the  Burnham  plan,  the  zonification  of  the  City  is 
contemplated  dividing  it  into  residential,  commercial,  semi- 
industrial  and  industrial  districts.  A  limited  area  around  the 
mansion  of  His  Excellency,  the  Governor-General,  has  al- 
ready been  set  aside  by  ordinance  as  a  residence  section.  Ex- 
tensive improvements  have  already  been  made.  The  acquisi- 
tion of  lands  is  about  completed  for  the  Harrison  Park,  which 
has  an  area  of  nearly  50  hectares.  In  the  layout  and  open- 
ings of  streets  about  1-5  completed.  The  public  buildings  are 
all  located  according  to  the  plan.  Recently,  the  widening  of 
Rizal  Avenue,  in  the  center  and  commercial  district  of  the 
City,  was  accomplished  at  a  cost  of  nearly  a  quarter  of  a  mil- 
lion dollars.  By  a  special  charter,  the  government  of  the  city 
is  vested  in  a  Mayor  and  a  Municipal  Board."  "It  is  also 
provided  in  the  Administrative  Code  that  the  Consulting 
Architect  is  charged  with  the  interpretation  of  the  Burnham 
plan  for  the  improvement  of  the  City  of  Manila."  No  diffi- 
culties of  outside  source  have  been  encountered  in  proceeding 
with  prepared  plans ;  the  only  one  is  the  limited  fund  avail- 
able. "There  is,  however,  great  opposition  to  the  proposed 
zonification,  partly  on  account  of  what  is  termed  'vested 
interests'  and  'acquired  interests,'  and  partly  from  owners  of 
improved  real  estate  who  claim  that  the  zonification,  limiting 
and  fixing  the  kind  of  use  of  land,  will  lower  the  value  of  their 
respective  lots.  The  public  appreciates  the  value  of  such  plans, 
although  practically  nothing  is  done  in  the  direction  of  creat- 
ing public  interest.  However,  the  people  are  informed  by 
means  of  the  press  of  all  proposed  important  improvements, 
and  public  discussions  are  often  held  prior  to  carrying  out 
proposed  improvements" — Justo  Lubkan,  Mayor. 


CITY    PLANNING  47 

REPORTS: 

Burnham,  Daniel  Hudson.  Report  on  proposed  improve- 
ments at  Manila.  1905.  From  the  Report  of  the  Philip- 
pine Commission.  Part  I.  (Bureau  of  Insular  Affairs,  War 
Department,  Washington,  1906.) 

MILWAUKEE,  WISCONSIN 

DIGEST  OF  ANSWER: 

Comprehensive  city  plan  in  preparation  by  Board  of  Public 
Land  Commissioners.  About  15  miles  of  streets  are  now  be- 
ing widened ;  park  additions  and  civic  center  now  under  con- 
sideration ;  zoning  ordinance  in  progress.  Board  of  Public 
Land  Commissioners  originally  organized  to  carry  out  excess 
condemnation  now  functions  as  city  plan  commission.  All 
plans  thus  far  in  course  of  realization  required  a  great  deal 
of  publicity,  but  public  interest  increasing  to  marked  degree. 

REPORTS: 

Milwaukee  City  Planning  Commission.  Preliminary  re- 
ports of  the  City  Planning  Commission  to  the  City.  1911. 
(Includes  reports  of  F.  L.  Olmsted  and  John  Nolen.) 

Hegemann,  Werner.  City  planning  for  Milwaukee ;  what 
it  means  and  why  it  must  be  secured.  Report  to  Wiscon- 
sin Chapter  of  the  American  Institute  of  Architects,  the 
City  Club,  the  Milwaukee  Real  Estate  Association,  West- 
minster League,  South  Side  Civic  Association.  February, 
1916. 

Milwaukee  Board  of  Public  Land  Commissioners.  Group- 
ing of  public  buildings.  A  report  to  the  Milwaukee  Com- 
mon Council.    April,  1919. 

Zoning  for  Milwaukee.  Tentative  report  of  the  Com- 
missioners, June,  1920.     (Arthur  C.  Comey,  consultant.) 

MINNEAPOLIS,  MINNESOTA 

DIGEST  OF  ANSWER: 

City  plan  prepared  in  1915  through  efforts  of  Minneaoplis 
Civic  Commission,  an  unofficial  body.  Several  improvements 
are  being  carried  out  by  city  government :  Washington  Square 
Park,  erection  of  Art  Museum,  important  street  openings  and 
widenings,  Third  Avenue  Bridge,  etc.,  representing  outlay  of 
over    $5,000,000 ;    other    improvements    under    consideration. 


48  CITY    PLANNING 

City  Planning  Commission  advisory  to  City  Council  recently 
established  in  conformity  with  State  enabling  act.  Chief 
difficulties  have  been  prejudices  of  property  owners.  Zoning 
difficulties  [lessened  by  recent  reversal  of  Minnesota  Supreme 
Court  decision.]  Public  appreciative.  Interest  created  by 
practical  demonstrations. 

REPORTS: 

Minneapolis  Civic  Commission.  Preliminary  plan  of  Min- 
neapolis— Notes  (on  report  of  E.  H.  Bennett.)  1911. 

Minneapolis  Civic  and  Commerce  Association.  Report  of 
Municipal  Committee  on  Limitation  of  Height  of  Build- 
ings.   1914. 

Minneapolis  Civic  Commission.  Plan  of  Minneapolis,  pre- 
pared under  the  direction  of  the  Commission,  by  Edward 
H.  Bennett.  Edited  and  written  by  Andrew  Wright  Craw- 
ford.   1917. 

MONTCLAIR,  NEW  JERSEY 

DIGEST  OF  ANSWER: 

No  comprehensive  plan.  Nolen  plan  for  future  development 
prepared  some  years  ago  at  expense  of  certain  private  in- 
dividuals "has  never  been  adopted  by  controlling  powers" 
though  some  features  have  been  incorporated  in  subsequent 
buildings,  in  a  certain  measure.  Local  community  organi- 
zations create  strong  public  interest  in  improvements. 

REPORTS: 

Nolen,  John.  Montclair,  the  preservation  of  its  natural 
beauty  and  its  improvement  as  a  residence  town.  Report 
to  the  Municipal  Art  Commission  and  the  Commission's 
recommendations  to  the  citizens.    1909. 

NEW  HAVEN,  CONNECTICUT 

DIGEST  OF  ANSWER: 

City  plan  prepared  by  Frederick  Law  Olmsted  some  years 
ago,  but  improvements  have  not  been  carried  out  to  any  ex- 
tent. No  proper  machinery  for  getting  them  executed  and 
public  knows  little  about  them.  Present  municipal  authority 
is  Board  of  Aldermen. 


CITY    PLANNING  49 

REPORTS : 

New  Haven  Civic  Improvement  Committee.  Report  of  the 
New  Haven  Civic  Improvement  Commission  to  the  Com- 
mittee. Cass  Gilbert,  architect.  Frederick  Law  Olmsted, 
landscape  architect.    1910. 

Ford  Frederick  L.  Report  on  railroad  station  approach  and 
harbor  front  improvements,  made  to  the  Mayor  and  Alder- 
manic  Approach  Committee.    1912. 

NEW  LONDON,  CONNECTICUT 

DIGEST  OF  ANSWER: 

Comprehensive  city  plan  was  prepared  by  Park  Board  and 
City  Engineer.  All  plans  for  future  development  of  land  are 
subject  to  approval  of  Park  Board.  Improvements  have  been 
carried  out  according-  to  plan,  and  new  lay-outs  are  passed  on 
by  City  Council  after  approval  of  Park  Board  (restrictions 
as  to  buildings,  etc.)  Public  appreciates  plans,  and  interest 
has  been  created  by  meetings  of  Chamber  of  Commerce  and 
Press. 

REPORTS: 

Nolen,  John.  General  plan  of  a  park  and  playground  sys- 
tem for  New  London.  Report  to  Municipal  Art  Society. 
Boston,  1913. 

NEW  YORK  CITY 

DIGEST  OF  ANSWER: 

"We  have  a  comprehensive  city  plan:  that  is,  a  plan  covering 
practically  all  of  the  five  boroughs  except  the  Borough  of 
Richmond.  Some  of  these  maps  are  still  what  are  called 
'tentative,'  that  is,  they  do  not  give  precise  block  dimensions 
and  angles  and  the  streets  have  not  been  monumented.  The 
Borough  of  Richmond  is  largely  a  rural  district  and  there  is 
a  good  deal  of  mapping  to  be  done  there.  These  plans  are 
not  perhaps  what  are  frequently  called  comprehensive  plans 
in  that,  although  they  show  many  cases  of  important  streets 
to  be  created  in  the  future,  they  do  not  include  as  compre- 
hensive a  system  as  might  be  desirable  of  main  traffic  thor- 
oughfares, parks  and  parkways.  The  plan  of  the  City  has 
been  of  slow  growth.  The  first  extensive  plan  for  undeveloped 
territory  was  that  for  Manhattan  Island  as  far  north  as  155th 
Street   made   by   the   Commission   authorized   in    1807.      The 


50  CITY    PLANNING 

President  of  each  borough  is  now  charged  with  the  making  of 
the  plans  of  unmapped  territory  and  for  all  modifications  in 
existing  plans.  These  plans  are  submitted  to  the  Board  of 
Estimate  and  Apportionment  and  are  critically  reviewed  in 
this  office  and  none  of  them  is  effective  until  adopted  by  the 
Board  of  Estimate  and  Apportionment  after  a  public  hearing. 
Improvements  can  be  carried  out  only  in  accordance  with  es- 
tablished plans.  Streets  or  parks  can  be  acquired  only  after 
they  have  been  laid  out  in  the  manner  described.  The  City 
acts  through  the  Board  of  Estimate  and  Apportionment.  It 
has  no  City  Plan  Commission  and  the  Common  Council  or 
Board  of  Aldermen  have  no  jurisdiction.  There  is  a  Com- 
mittee on  City  Plan  in  the  Board  of  Estimate  and  Apportion- 
ment but  that  Committee  simply  considers  plans  submitted 
to  the  Board  by  the  Borough  Presidents  and  reports  of  this 
office  are  made  to  that  Committee.  As  the  Committee  con- 
sists of  a  majority  of  the  Board  its  recommendations  are 
usually  conclusive.  The  difficulties  in  proceeding  with  pre- 
pared plans  are  chiefly  lack  of  control  over  private  develop- 
ments which  may  disregard  the  established  plan.  This  trouble 
has  been  largely  overcome  through  the  enactment  of  two 
laws.  One  of  these  requires  every  owner  of  real  estate,  be- 
fore selling  lots,  to  file  his  plans  in  the  office  of  record  where 
real  estate  conveyances  are  filed.  The  other  law  forbids  the 
recording  officers  above  referred  to  to  accept  for  filing  plans  for 
property  subdivision  until  they  shall  first  have  been  approved 
by  the  Board  of  Estimate  and  Apportionment.  This  gives  an 
opportunity  to  see  that  the  plans  for  subdivisions  correspond 
with  the  adopted  city  plan  or  are  consistent  with  proposed 
plans  where  not  yet  officially  adopted.  There  is  still  no  way 
to  prevent  the  owner  of  property  from  erecting  buildings  with- 
in street  lines  before  the  city  has  acquired-title  to  the  Streets. 
In  most  of  these  cases,  however,  the  builders  require  loans  and 
the  title  companies  are  very  cautious  about  giving  the  neces- 
sary title  policies  where  proposed  buildings  are  in  conflict  with 
established  street  lines.  The  public  undoubtedly  appreciates 
the  value  of  a  comprehensive  plan  and  strict  conformity  with 
that  plan.  (The  adoption  by  the  City  of  New  York  of  the 
Zoning  Resolution  in  1916  has  met  with  a  very  general  popu- 
lar approval  and  there  is  no  one  thing  which  has  done  more 
to  promote  an  orderly  city  development.)" — N.  P.  Lewis,  Chief 
Engineer. 


CITY    PLANNING  51 

REPORTS: 

New  York  City  Improvement  Commission.  Report  to  the 
Mayor  and  Board  of  Aldermen.  1904.  Another  edition  of 
same,  1905. 

Report.    1907. 

Wilgus,  William  J.  Proposed  new  railway  system  for  the 
transportation  and  distribution  of  freight  by  improved 
methods  in  the  city  and  port  of  New  York.  Submitted  to 
the  Public  Service  Commission  for  the  First  District  by  the 
Amsterdam  Corporation.    1908. 

New  York  Department  of  Docks  and  Ferries.  (Special  re- 
ports.)    1909. 

New  York  Commission  on  Congestion  of  Population.  Re- 
port to  the  Mayor  and  Board  of  Aldermen.    1911. 

New  York  Board  of  Estimate  and  Apportionment.  Report 
of  a  committee  of  the  Board,  and  of  the  Public  Service  Com- 
mission for  the  First  District,  with  relation  to  pending  pro- 
posals for  the  construction,  equipment  and  operation  of 
rapid  transit  lines,  and  upon  the  general  transit  situation 
in  New  York  City.    1911. 

New  York  Fifth  Avenue  Commission.  Preliminary  report. 
1910.     (Arnold  W.  Brunner,  Chairman.) 

New  York  (State)  Bronx  Parkway  Commission.  Report  to 
the  Board  of  Estimate  and  Apportionment.  1912.  (Reports 
of  Commission  for  1916  and  1918  review  Parkway  improve- 
ment.) 

New  York  Heights  of  Buildings  Commission.  Report  to 
the  Committee  on  height,  size  and  arrangement  of  build- 
ings of  the  Board  of  Estimate  and  Apportionment.  1913. 
(Edward  M.  Bassett,  Chairman,  Advisory  Committee, 
George  B.  Ford,  Secretary.) 

Brunner,  Arnold  W.,  and  Frederick  Law  Olmsted.  Pro- 
posed change  of  map  for  Riverside  Drive  extension.  Sub- 
mitted to  the  President  of  the  Borough  of  Manhattan.    1913. 

New  York  City  Comptroller.  Downtown  Brooklyn.  A  re- 
port to  the  Comptroller  on  sites  for  public  buildings  and  the 
relocation  of  the  elevated  tracks  now  in  lower  Fulton 
Street,  Borough  of  Brooklyn.    1913. 


52  CITY    PLANNING 

Brooklyn  Committee  on  City  Plan.  Brooklyn  City  Plan 
(by  E.  H.  Bennett.)  Published  as  special  supplement  to 
Brooklyn  Eagle,  January  18,  1914. 

New  Jersey  Harbor  Commission.  New  Jersey's  relation  to 
the  Port  of  New  York.  4th  preliminary  report  of  the  New 
Jersey  Harbor  Commission.    1914 

New  York  Board  of  Estimate  and  Apportionment.  Com- 
mittee on  the  City  Plan.  Development  and  present  status 
of  city  planning-  in  New  York  City,  a  report ;  together  with 
papers  presented  at  a  meeting  of  the  Advisory  Commission 
on  City  Plan.   1914. 

New  York  Board  of  Estimate  and  Apportionment.  Com- 
mittee on  Markets.  Reports  on  market  system  for  New 
York  City  and  on  open  markets  established  in  Manhattan. 
1915. 

Cox,  Laurie  Davidson.  A  street  tree  system  for  New  York 
City,  Borough  of  Manhattan.  March,  1916.  (Bulletin  of 
New  York  State  College  of  Forestry  at  Syracuse  Universi- 
ty.   Vol.  16,  no.  8.) 

New  York  Commission  on  Building  Districts  and  Restric- 
tions.   Tentative  report.     March  10,  1916. 

New  York  Board  of  Estimate  and  Apportionment.  Build- 
ing-zone plan.  Report  of  Committee  of  the  Whole.  July 
18,  1916. 

New  York  Commission  on  Building  Districts  and  Restric- 
tions. Final  (comprehensive)  report.  New  York  Board  of 
Estimate  and  Apportionment,  Committee  on  the  City  Plan. 
(As  of)  June  2,  1916.    Published  1917. 

New  York  Central  Railroad  Company.  West  side  improve- 
ment plans — track  and  park  treatment  sheets  approved  by 
the  Board  of  Estimate  and  Apportionment  of  the  City  of 
New  York.    1916. 

New  York  Board  of  Estimate  and  Apportionment.  Annual 
report  of  the  Chief  Engineer  for  1917.  (Special  section  on 
benefit  assessments.) 

Whitten,  Robert  H.  Erection  of  buildings  within  line  of 
proposed  streets  laid  down  on  final   map  of  city  of  New 


CITY    PLANNING  53 

York.  New  York,  Board  of  Estimate  and  Apportionment, 
Committee  on  City  Plan.    December,  1917. 

New  York,  New  Jersey  Port  and  Harbor  Development 
Commission.  Preliminary  joint  report;  transmitted  to  the 
legislature.     Albany,  February,  1918. 

NEWARK,  NEW  JERSEY 

DIGEST  OF  ANSWER: 

Comprehensive  plan  prepared  in  1915  by  City  Plan  Commis- 
sion's staff.  Front  Street  has  been  straightened,  but  no  other 
recommendations  yet  carried  out.  City  Plan  Commission  ap- 
pointed by  the  Mayor  was  abolished  in  Fall  of  1917. 

REPORTS: 

Newark  Board  of  Trade.  City  Planning.  Report  of  Com- 
mittee on  Civic  Art  and  Architecture.    1911. 

Newark  City  Plan  Commission.  Preliminary  report  to  the 
Commission  by  Messrs.  Ford  and  Goodrich.    1912. 

Ford,  George  B.  and  E.  P.  Goodrich.  Newark  market  prob- 
lem.    Report  to  Newark  City  Plan  Commission.    1912. 

Goodrich,  E.  P.  Recommendations  of  Irving  T.  Bush,  ac- 
companied by  Report  of  E.  P.  Goodrich,  consulting  engin- 
eer, to  Board  of  Street  and  Water  Commissioners  on  the 
development  of  public  docks  and  shipping  facilities  and  the 
utilization  of  meadow  lands  in  connection  therewith.    1912. 

Puff,  Charles  Frederick,  Jr.  The  City  Plan  of  Newark.  Re- 
port on  the  comprehensive  planning  of  the  metropolitan 
district  of  greater  Newark,  submitted  to  the  Department  of 
Public  Works.    1912. 

Newark  City  Plan  Commission.  City  planning  for  Newark. 
1913.   (E.  P.  Goodrich  and  George  B.  Ford.) 

Ford,  James.  Housing  report  to  the  City  Plan  Commission 
of  Newark.  Report  made  for  E.  P.  Goodrich  and  George 
B.  Ford  by  Dr.  James  Ford.     1913. 

Conference  on  Interurban  Improvement  of  Newark  and  Ad- 
jacent Municipalities.  Property  development ;  report  of  the 
Real  Estate  Committee.  Published  by  the  City  Plan  Com- 
mission, 1914. 


54  CITY    PLANNING 

Report  of  the   Committee   on   Streets  and   Highways. 

Published  by  the  City  Plan  Commission.    1915. 

Newark  City  Plan  Commission.  A  public  recreation  system 
for  Newark.     Suggestions  and  recommendations.    1915. 

Comprehensive  plan  of  Newark.  1915.  (Harland  Bar- 
tholomew, Secretary). 

Olmsted  Brothers.  Report  on  a  proposed  parkway  system 
for  Essex  County,  New  Jersey.  Brookline,  Mass.,  June, 
1915. 

Newark  Commission  on  Building  Districts  and  Restric- 
tions. Proposed  building  zones  for  Newark:  tentative  re- 
port of  the  Commission.  September,  1919.  (Herbert  S. 
Swan,  consultant.) 

NEWPORT,  RHODE  ISLAND 

No  answer  received.  (Portion  of  Bath  Road  improvement 
carried  out.) 

REPORTS: 

Olmsted,  Frederick  Law.  Proposed  improvements  for  New- 
port ;  a  report  prepared  for  the  Newport  Improvement  As- 
sociation.    Cambridge,  Mass.,  the  University   Press.    1913. 

NEWTON,  MASSACHUSETTS 

DIGEST  OF  ANSWER: 

A  comprehensive  plan  in  course  of  publication,  A.  A.  Shurt- 
leff  and  John  W.  Fox  assisting  the  Planning  Board,  with  co- 
operation from  the  City  Engineer  and  other  departments.  No 
improvements  yet  carried  out.  Difficulties  met  in  "ignorance 
until  shown,  delay  in  getting  appropriations  until  convinced 
of  practical  and  economic  value."  Public  not  appreciative, 
but  popular  interest  being  created  by  hearings,  public  meet- 
ings of  Improvement  Societies,  and  group  meetings  in  differ- 
ent centers  with  the  Planning  Board. 

REPORTS: 

Newton  Planning  Board.  Annual  reports.  (1911-1917  con- 
tain plans  for  street  openings,  widenings,  and  revisions.) 


CITY    PLANNING  55 

NIAGARA  FALLS,  NEW  YORK 

DIGEST  OF  ANSWER: 

A  comprehensive  city  plan  was  prepared  by  John  Nolen  in 
1919,  but  no  improvements  have  been  carried  out  according 
to  plan,  since  the  only  movement  taken  in  regard  to  it  was 
turned  down  by  the  tax-payers.  It  is  the  intention  to  carry 
it  out  further  in  the  near  future,  "but  owing  to  the  high  cost 
of  materials,  etc.,  it  is  impossible  to  create  any  great  interest 
at  the  present  time."  Municipal  authority  is  City  Manager. 

REPORTS: 

Olmsted  Brothers.  Parks  and  playgrounds  for  Niagara 
Falls,  report  to  Chairman  of  Niagara  Falls  Parks  Board. 
1917.    (Published  in  multigraphed  form  1919.) 

Nolen,  John.  Zoning  problem  of  the  City  of  Niagara  Falls. 
An  outline  of  regulations.  Issued  by  Zoning  Committee. 
December,  1918.     Revised  ed.  May,  1919. 

NORFOLK,  VIRGINIA 

DIGEST  OF  ANSWER: 

City  plan  in  preparation  by  City  Planning  Commissioners  re- 
cently created.  Hearty  cooperation  so  far  in  work  on  plans. 
Popular  interest  created  through  an  Advisory  Board  of  25 
citizens. 

REPORTS: 

Norfolk  Commission  on  Beautifying  the  City.  Second  re- 
port to  Mayor,  Board  of  Control,  Board  of  Aldermen  and 
Common  Council.    1913. 

OAKLAND,  CALIFORNIA 

No  answer  received. 

REPORTS : 

Robinson,  Charles  Mulford.  A  plan  of  civic  improvement 
for  Oakland.    1906.     (To  the  Mayor  and  City  Council.) 

Hegemann,  Werner.  Report  on  a  city  plan  for  the  muni- 
cipalities of  Oakland  and  Berkeley.  Prepared  and  pub- 
lished under  the  auspices  of  the  municipal  governments  of 
Oakland  and  Berkeley,  the  Supervisors  of  Alameda  County, 
the  Chamber  of  Commerce  and  Commercal  Club  of  Oak- 


56  CITY    PLANNING 

land,  the  Civic  Art  Commission  of  Berkeley,  the  City  Club 
of  Berkeley.    1915. 

OGDENSBURG,  NEW  YORK 

DIGEST  OF  ANSWER: 

No  comprehensive  city  plan,  but  report  on  improvements  by 
C.  M.  Robinson  in  1907.  No  action  has  ever  been  taken  to 
carry  out  the  suggestions. 

REPORTS: 

Robinson,  Charles  Mulford.  Report  on  the  improvement  of 
the  city  of  Ogdensburg  (to  the  Mayor  and  Common  Coun- 
cil).   1907. 

OKLAHOMA  CITY,  OKLAHOMA 

No  answer  received.  (City  Plan  Commission  has  been  ap- 
pointed, represented  by  several  delegates  at  meeting  of  Nation- 
al Conference  on  City  Planning  at  Cincinnati,  April,  1920. 
Public  interest  being  aroused.) 

REPORTS: 

Dunn,  W.  H.  Oklahoma  City :  a  report  on  its  plan  for  an 
outer  parkway  and  a  plan  for  an  interior  system  of  parks 
and  boulevards  (to  the  Board  of  Park  Commissioners). 
Kansas  City  Mo.     1910. 

OMAHA,  NEBRASKA 

DIGEST  OF  ANSWER: 

A  "somewhat"  comprehensive  plan  and  zoning  system  pre- 
pared by  City  Planning  Board.  Board  is  advisory  to  City 
Council.  Improvements  have  been  carried  out  according  to 
plan,  but  difficulties  encountered  in  lack  of  funds.  Public  in 
part  appreciative.  Public  meetings  are  held  and  interest 
created  through  newspapers,  and  constant  effort. 

REPORTS: 

Omaha  City  Plan  Commission.  Preliminary  studies  for  a 
city  plan.  November,  1917.  (Messrs.  Ford,  Goodrich,  and 
Robinson,  advisory.) 

City   planning  needs  of  Omaha:   Street   widening  and 

extensions,  inner  belt  traffic  way,  river  drive.  1919.  (Har- 
land  Bartholomew,  consultant.) 


CITY    PLANNING  57 

PARIS,  TEXAS 
No  answer  received. 

REPORTS: 

Dunn,  W.  H.  General  city  plan  for  Paris.  Submitted  to 
the  public  with  the  official  approval  of  the  City  Council,  the 
Board  of  Trade,  and  the  Progressive  Club.    1915. 

PASADENA,  CALIFORNIA 

DIGEST  OF  ANSWER: 

Much  attention  has  been  given  to  preparation  of  a  plan  by  a 
committee  of  citizens  and  experts  supported  largely  by  the 
City.  Zoning  plan  is  to  be  prepared.  Improvements  have 
been  carried  out  according  to  plan, — parks,  and  street  open- 
ings and  widenings.  The  semi-official  Planning  Committee 
has  gone  out  of  existence.  Chief  difficulties  arose  in  voting 
of  bond  issues.  A  fairly  general  appreciation  of  value  of  plans, 
created  by  existing  civic  organizations  and  special  campaigns. 

REPORTS: 

Damon,  George  A.  Some  preliminary  suggestions  for  a 
"Pasadena  Plan."     Pasadena,  Woman's  Civic  League.  1915. 

Pasadena  Civic  Federation.  Progress  report  of  the  City 
Planning  Committee.   1917. 

PEORIA,  ILLINOIS 

DIGEST  OF  ANSWER: 

Comprehensive  plan  to  be  prepared  by  employment  of  city 
planning  engineer  and  appointment  of  Commission  on  City 
Planning.  Difficulties  lie  in  means  to  finance  plans,  but  pub- 
lic appreciates  value.     Interest  aroused  through  civic  bodies. 

REPORTS: 

Peoria  Association  of  Commerce.  City  Planning  Number 
of  "The  Peorian."    July,  1914. 

PHILADELPHIA,  PENNSYLVANIA 

DIGEST  OF  ANSWER: 

Unofficial  comprehensive  plan  prepared  by  Bureau  of  Surveys 
1911  and  previous.  Streets,  parks,  bridges,  railroad  agree- 
ments, etc.  carried  out  according  to  it.  The  Board  of  Sur- 
veyors has  power  to  plot  streets  after  authorization  by  Coun- 


58  CITY    PLANNING 

cil.  No  serious  difficulties  encountered  and  public  very  ap- 
preciative. Various  civic  bodies  create  interest,  and  city 
officials  give  lectures. 

REPORTS : 

City  Parks  Association  of  Philadelphia.  Special  report  on 
the  city  plan.    1902. 

Philadelphia  Parkway  Association.  The  proposed  parkway 
for  Philadelphia,  edited  by  Albert  Kelsey.    1902. 

Philadelphia  Mayor's  Comprehensive  Plans  Committees. 
Reports,  in  Comprehensive  Plans  Number  of  "Philadelphia," 
March,  1911. 

Philadelphia  Department  of  Public  Works.  South  Phila- 
delphia. The  abolishment  of  grade  crossings  and  the  crea- 
tion of  opportunities  for  commercial  and  industrial  develop- 
ment.  1913. 

Philadelphia  Transit  Commissioner.     Report.     1913. 

Philadelphia  Permanent  Committee  on  Comprehensive 
Plans.  Report  on  the  proposition  of  a  central  traffic  circuit. 
Philadelphia.     Department  of  Public  Works.    1915. 

Philadelphia  Department  of  City  Transit.  (A.  Merritt  Tay- 
lor, Director).  Special  report  on  rapid-transit  development 
for  Philadelphia,  to  the  Select  and  Common  Councils.  1915. 

A  study  and  review  of  the  problem  of  passenger  trans- 
portation in  Philadelphia  by  a  unified  system  of  lines.  An 
analysis  of  the  plans  proposed  for  its  solution  with  suggest- 
ed methods  for  their  improvement,  By  William  S.  Twining, 
Director.  Submitted  to  the  Select  and  Common  Councils. 
1916. 

Philadelphia  Permanent  Committee  on  Comprehensive 
Plans.  Report  on  the  revision  and  extension  of  the  street 
system  in  Southwest  Philadelphia.  Department  of  Public 
Works.    1917. 

Fairmount  Park  Art  Association.  The  Fairmount  Park- 
way ;  a  pictorial  record  of  development,  1904-1919. 

City  Parks  Association  of  Philadelphia.  Annual  reports. 
1903-date.  (Especially  useful  for  record  of  progress  on 
plans.) 


CITY    PLANNING  59 

Philadelphia  Department  of  Public  Works.  Bureau  of  Sur- 
veys.   Annual  reports.  (1915  of  special  interest.) 

PITTSBURGH,  PENNSYLVANIA 

DIGEST  OF  ANSWER : 

No  answer  received.  (Progress  on  improvements  in  accord- 
ance with  plans  was  reported  at  National  Conference  on  City 
Planning,  Cincinnati,  April,  1920.  "Hump"  cut  in  down- 
town district  one  of  the  most  notable.  Zoning  plan  in  prepara- 
tion, Harland  Bartholomew,  consultant.  Publicity  campaign 
recently  launched  by  Citizens'  Committee  on  City  Plan.) 

REPORTS: 

Architectural  League  of  America.  (Sixth  annual  conven- 
tion.) A  Plan  for  the  architectural  improvement  of  Pitts- 
burgh.   1904. 

American  Institute  of  Architects.  Pittsburgh  chapter.  Pro- 
posed improvements  for  Pittsburgh.  Prepared  1907.  (Pub- 
lished later.) 

Arnold,  Bion  J.,  John  R.  Freeman,  and  Frederick  Law  Olm- 
sted. City  planning  for  Pittsburgh,  outline  and  procedure, 
a  report.  Pittsburgh  Civic  Commission,  December,  1909. 
Published  1910. 

Arnold,  Bion  J.  Report  on  the  Pittsburgh  transportation 
problem,  submitted  to  the  Mayor.    1910. 

Symons,  Thomas  W.,  and  Frederick  Law  Olmsted.  The 
city  and  the  Allegheny  River  bridges.  Report  to  Pitts- 
burgh Civic  Commission.    1910. 

Olmsted,  Frederick  Law.  Pittsburgh  main  thoroughfares 
and  the  down  town  district.  Report  prepared  under  the 
direction  of  the  Committee  on  City  Planning,  Pittsburgh 
Civic  Commission.  1911.  (Includes  the  Bridges  report 
above.) 

Pittsburgh  Department  of  City  Planning.  Annual  report. 
1913.  (First.) 

Pittsburgh  Art  Commission.  An  account  of  the  work  of  the 
Art  Commission  from  its  creation  in  1911  to  January  1,  1915. 
Published  1915. 


60  CITY    PLANNING 

Civic  Club  of  Allegheny  County.  Municipal  Planning 
Committee.     Report  on  city  properties.     July  1,  1917. 

Districting   and   zoning;   what   it   is;   why    Pittsburgh 

should  do  it.    January  1,  1918. 

Citizens'  Committee  on  City  Plan  of  Pittsburgh.  Pitts- 
burgh playgrounds  study  and  recommendations.  June, 
1920.   Report  No.  1. 

Pittsburgh  playgrounds.     Report  No.  1-A.    June,  1920. 

(A  popularization  of  Report  No.  1.) 

PORTLAND,  OREGON 

DIGEST  OF  ANSWER: 

A  comprehensive  plan  was  prepared  in  1912  by  E.  H.  Bennett, 
for  which  money  was  provided  by  private  contributions  and 
the  work  done  under  the  auspices  of  the  Greater  Portland 
Plans  Association.  A  few  of  the  recommendations  of  this 
plan  as  to  parks  and  streets  have  been  carried  out,  but  they 
are  relatively  unimportant.  There  is  now  a  City  Planning 
Commission  authorized  by  ordinance  and  appointed  by  the 
Mayor,  January  1919.  The  Commission  has  been  engaged 
principally  upon  a  comprehensive  zoning  plan  for  the  city. 
(C.  H.  Cheney,  consultant.)  It  has  attempted  to  secure  ap- 
proval of  the  zoning  ordinance  by  newspaper  publicity,  by 
bulletins,  and  by  neighborhood  meetings  and  conferences  with 
various  organizations.  The  chief  difficulties  encountered  have 
been  the  results  of  lack  of  information  or  misunderstanding 
on  the  part  of  property  owners.  The  general  public  and  many 
public  officials  have  never  properly  appreciated  the  Bennett 
plans. 

REPORTS: 

Olmsted  Brothers.  Report  outlining  a  system  of  parkways, 
boulevards,  and  parks  for  Portland.  Published  in  the  Re- 
port of  the  Park  Board  for  1903. 

Bennett,  Edward  H.  The  Greater  Portland  plan,  edited  by 
Marshall  N.  Dana.  1912.  (Submitted  to  the  Mayor  by  City 
Plan  Committee.) 

Portland  City  Planning  Commission.  Zoning  and  city  plan- 
ning for  Portand.     Commission  Bui.  no.  1,  June,  1919. 


CITY    PLANNING  61 

Proposed  building  zones   for    Portland,   as   tentatively 

recommended  by  the  neighborhood  property  owners'  meet- 
ings and  the  City  Planning  Commission.  Commission  Bui. 
no.  4,  November,  1919. 

Regulations   adopted    by   the    Portland    City    Planning 

Commission  relating  to  laying  out,  dedication  and  accept- 
ance of  streets,  and  to  the  approval  of  sub-division  and 
street  plans,  within  or  for  six  miles  outside  the  city  limits. 
1919. 

PROVIDENCE,  RHODE  ISLAND 

DIGEST  OF  ANSWER: 

No  comprehensive  plan  as  yet,  only  fragments  to  be  combined 
later.  Ordinance  which  created  City  Plan  Commission  sev- 
eral years  ago  directed  it  to  prepare  full  and  comprehensive 
Plan.  Commission  is  advisory  body.  Although  improvements 
have  not  been  carried  out  according  to  a  single  comprehen- 
sive plan,  all  waterworks  and  sewers  for  many  years  have 
followed  generous  plans  prepared  for  whole  city  and  some 
outlying  territory,  and  Metropolitan  Park  acquirements  and 
distribution  of  playgrounds  have  been  strictly  in  accordance 
with  original  plan.  Street  improvements  thus  far  have  been 
mostly  individually  considered.  Difficulties  encountered  in 
selfishness  and  lack  of  understanding  on  part  of  individual 
property  owners  as  to  utility  of  concerted  action.  Happy  ex- 
ception in  recent  plans  and  development  of  harbor.  Creation 
of  civic  center  and  City  Hall  Park  "followed  years  of  rival 
plans  and  bitter  arguments,  but  we  have  it  nevertheless." 
Public  not  adequately  appreciative.  Public  education  carried 
on  by  various  associations,  lectures,  publications,  conventions 
of  national  organizations  in  the  city,  newspaper  notices,  Cham- 
ber of  Commerce,  and  advertising  methods. 

REPORTS: 

Providence  Metropolitan  Park  Commissioners.  Report  up- 
on a  system  of  public  reservations  for  the  Metropolitan 
District  of  Providence  Plantations.  First  and  second  re- 
port of  commissioners,  1905-1906. 

Arnold,  Bion  J.  Report  on  the  traction  improvements  and 
development  within  the  Providence  District  to  the  Joint 
Committee  on  Railroad  Franchises,  Providence  City  Coun- 
cil.   1911. 


62  CITY    PLANNING 

Providence  Commission  on  East  Side  Approach.  Reports, 
including  the  reports  of  Engineer  John  R.  Freeman.    1912. 

Joint  Special  Committee  on  Subways  Report  and  Report  of 
Engineer  William  W.  Lewis,  together  with  Resolution  and 
Draft  Act  to  provide  Rapid  transit  in  Providence.    1914. 

Providence  City  Plan  Commission.  First  annual  report. 
1915. 

PUEBLO,  COLORADO 

DIGEST  OF  ANSWER: 

Comprehensive  plan  prepared  in  1916  by  Irvin  J.  McCrary, 
landscape  architect.  No  definite  movement  has  been  started 
as  yet  to  carry  out  the  recommendations,  main  difficulty  in 
proceeding  being  the  heavy  municipal  debt,  incurred  under 
old  aldermanic  system.  City  now  has  new  Commission  Gov- 
ernment Plan.  Only  small  proportion  of  city  appreciates 
value  of  plans.  Interest  created  by  committees,  by  newspaper 
publicity,  and  by  Commerce,  Rotary,  and  Lions'  Clubs. 

REPORTS : 

McCrary,  Irvin  J.  Pueblo  improvement  plan ;  a  report  to 
the  Commissioners  of  Pueblo.    January,  1916. 

QUINCY,  MASSACHUSETTS 

DIGEST  OF  ANSWER: 

A  comprehensive  plan  by  prominent  expert  under  considera- 
tion to  be  paid  for  by  subscription.  Suggestions  made  by  the 
City  Planning  Board  are  generally  followed  in  carrying  out 
city  improvements.  Board  acts  under  state  law  and  Common 
Council  Ordinance  of  1915.  "Difficulties  are  in  the  future." 
Interest  being  created  by  hearings  before  City  Council. 

REPORTS : 

Quincy  Planning  Board.  Annual  reports.  (1915-1916  con- 
tain plans  for  Pilgrim  Highway,  and  street,  park,  and  civic 
center  projects.) 

RALEIGH,  NORTH  CAROLINA 

DIGEST  OF  ANSWER: 

No  comprehensive  city  plan.  Public  interest  in  general  city 
improvements  for  the  most  part  created  through  addresses  by 
the  Mayor  to  the  Chamber  of  Commerce. 


CITY    PLANNING  63 

REPORTS : 

Robinson,  Charles  Mulford.  A  city  plan  for  Raleigh,  a  re- 
port to  the  Civic  Department  of  the  Woman's  Club  of 
Raleigh.     1913. 

READING,  PENNSYLVANIA 

DIGEST  OF  ANSWER: 

There  is  a  comprehensive  city  plan  prepared  1864  to  date,  in 
accordance  with  which  improvements  are  carried  out:  sewers, 
paving,  street  openings,  parks,  etc.  City  Council  action  is 
municipal  authority.  Difficulties  encountered  with  a  few 
structures  to  be  destroyed.  Popular  interest  aroused  by  news- 
papers and  various  civic  organizations  such  as  Rotary,  Cham- 
ber of  Commerce,  etc. 

REPORTS: 

Nolen,  John.  Replanning  Reading,  an  industrial  city  of  a 
hundred  thousand.  Boston,  1910.  (Report  to  Civic  Associa- 
tion.) 

RIDGEWOOD,  NEW  JERSEY 

DIGEST  OF  ANSWER: 

Partial  city  plan,  recently  prepared  by  survey.  Street  widen- 
ing has  been  carried  out.  Commission  is  municipal  authority. 
No  difficulties  as  yet,  public  appreciative,  interest  having  been 
created  through  the  press. 

REPORTS: 

Robinson,  Charles  Mulford.  The  improvement  of  Ridge- 
wood.     Report  to  the  Board  of  Trade.    1908. 

ROANOKE,  VIRGINIA 

DIGEST  OF  ANSWER: 

The  city  has  never  had  prepared  a  comprehensive  city  plan. 

REPORTS: 

Nolen,  John.  Remodelling  Roanoke ;  report  to  the  Com- 
mittee on  Civic  Improvement.    1907. 

ROCHESTER,  NEW  YORK 

DIGEST  OF  ANSWER: 

A  partial  plan  was  prepared  by  a  Committee  of  the  Chamber 

of    Commerce.      A    comprehensive    plan    is    to    be    prepared 


64  CITY    PLANNING 

through  the  City  Planning  Bureau.  Quite  a  number  of  the 
suggestions  made  by  the  1911  Committee,  such  as  street  ex- 
tensions, have  been  carried  out.  City  Planning  Bureau  and 
Common  Council  action  form  municipal  authority  for  city 
planning.  "Any  public  improvement  requiring  an  appropria- 
tion is  presented  to  the  Common  Council  in  the  form  of  an 
ordinance,  when  public  hearings  will  be  held.  The  Chamber 
of  Commerce  and  other  local  associations  have  been  of  great 
service  in  getting  favorable  action  by  the  Council.  They  also 
help  create  public  sentiment  in  favor  of  needed  improvements. 
...I  believe  a  Bureau  organized  as  ours  is  is  well  adapted  to  the 
actual  carrying  out  of  a  definite  city  plan.  Our  plan. ..pro- 
vides that  the  executive  officer  of  the  City  Planning  Bureau 
shall  be  appointed  by  the  City  Administration,  and  that  the 
appropriations  for  carrying  on  the  work  of  the  Bureau  are 
made  by  the  City  the  same  as  for  any  other  department  or 
bureau.  It  also  provides  for  the  advice,  and  approval  of  plans 
by  a  Board  of  citizens.  The  plan  thus  combines  the  two  gen- 
eral methods  of  carrying  on  city  planning,  namely,  one  direct- 
ly by  the  City  Administration,  and  the  other  by  citizens  out- 
side the  administrative  offices." — Edwin  A.  Fisher,  Superin- 
tendent of  City  Planning. 

REPORTS: 

Wallace,  J.  F.,  G.  N.  Swain,  and  B.  J.  Arnold.  Report  of 
Committee  of  experts  appointed  to  investigate  suggested 
sites  for  new  passenger  station  of  New  York  Central  & 
Hudson  River  Railroad  at  Rochester.    1909. 

Brunner,  Arnold  W.,  Frederick  Law  Olmsted,  and  Bion  J. 
Arnold.  A  city  plan  for  Rochester ;  a  report  prepared  for  the 
Rochester  Civic  Improvement  Committee.    New  York,  1911. 

Arnold,  Bion  J.  Report  on  car  operation  and  routing,  New 
York  State  Railways,  Rochester  Lines,  to  the  Rochester 
Chamber  of  Commerce.    191(3. 

Rochester  Bureau  of  Municipal  Research,  Inc.  A  municipal 
reconstruction  program,  suggesting  certain  steps  that  may 
be  taken  to  plan  for  the  after-the-war  Rochester.  October, 
1918. 

Rochester  Bureau  of  City  Planning.  Organization  of  the 
Bureau.    1919. 


CITY    PLANNING  65 

Rules  and  regulations  relating  to  laying  out,  dedica- 
tion and  acceptance  of  streets,  etc.    1919. 

Rules  and  regulations  for  use  districts.  Adopted  Sep- 
tember 22,  1919.    Amended  November  26,  1919. 

ROCKFORD,  ILLINOIS 

DIGEST  OF  ANSWER: 

Comprehensive  plan  prepared  by  Mr.  West  of  Chicago, 
through  voluntary  contributions,  then  adopted  by  ordinance. 
Street  openings  have  been  carried  out.  Common  Council  the 
authority.  Expense  a  difficulty,  but  public  appreciative.  In- 
terest created  by  showing  general  benefits. 

REPORTS: 

West,  Myron  H.  Plan  for  the  improvement  and  extension 
of  Rockford.  Published  by  American  Park  Builders,  Chi- 
cago, 1918. 

SACRAMENTO,  CALIFORNIA 

No  answer  received. 

REPORTS : 

California  State  Capital  Planning  Commission.  Report  of 
Commission  upon  its  investigation  of  the  planning  of  the 
capital  of  California.  September,  1916.  (Contains  sum- 
maries of  reports  by  Messrs.  Robinson,  Hegemann.  and 
Nolen,  separately  called  in  as  advisers.) 

SAINT  LOUIS,  MISSOURI 

DIGEST  OF  ANSWER: 

A  comprehensive  plan  is  in  course  of  preparation  by  the  City 
Plan  Commission,  by  municipal  appropriation.  (Harland 
Bartholomew,  engineer).  Improvements  have  been  carried 
out  according  to  plan:  street  plans,  zoning  ordinance,  (water 
front  imrovement),  and  recreation  projects.  Difficulties  have 
lain  in  lack  of  appreciation  of  city's  widest  needs,  but  the  pub- 
lic now  appreciates  the  value  of  such  plans,  having  been  edu- 
cated continuously  by  reports  (chiefly),  and  lectures. 

REPORTS: 

St.  Louis  Kingshighway  Commission.     Report.    1903. 


66  CITY    PLANNING 

St.  Louis  Public  Buildings  Commission.  Report  to  the 
Mayor.     1904. 

Civic  League  of  St.  Louis.  Preliminary  reports  of  Civic 
Centers  Committee.   1906. 

A  city  plan  for  St.  Louis ;  reports  of  the  several  com- 
mittees appointed  by  the  executive  board  of  the  Civic 
League  to  draft  a  city  plan.    1907. 

City  Plan  Association,  St.  Louis.     Report.   April  1,  1911. 

St.  Louis  City  Plan  Commission.  Central  traffic-parkway, 
recommended  July,  1912,  and  Charter  amendment,  Janu- 
ary, 1913. 

The   river   front.      Possible   municipal   ownership    of   a 

railway  from  Chain  of  Rocks  to  River  des  Peres,  with  ad- 
ditional approach  to  municipal  bridge.  April,  1913.  (Also 
published  with  River  front  report,  1915.) 

Five  possible  locations  and  comparative  cost  of  pro- 
posed river  terminals.    1914. 

Central  traffic-parkway  of  St.  Louis.    Ordinance  passed 

by  the  Municipal  Assembly.     February,  1915. 

The  river  front.  Proposed  terminals  for  boats  and  rail- 
roads.    March  1,  1915. 

River  des  Peres  plan.  Concrening  largely  the  indus- 
trial and  residential  expansion  and  economic  welfare  of  St. 
Louis,  prepared  in  conjunction  with  (several  city  depart- 
ments and  submitted  to)  Board  of  Public  Service.    1916. 

Citizens'  City  Plan  Committee.  Bulletin  no.  2.  February 
11,  1916. 

St.  Louis  City  Plan  Commission.  (Harland  Bartholomew, 
engineer.)  Preliminary  statement  on  districting,  a  reasonable 
exercise  of  the  police  power  for  health,  safety  and  general 
welfare.     July,  1916. 

Annual  report.  1916-1917.  (First  published  annual  re- 
port of  Commission  created  1911.) 

Problems  of  St.   Louis,  being  a  description  from  the 

city-planning  standpoint,  of  past  and  present  tendencies  of 
growth  with  general  suggestions  for  impending  issues  and 
necessary    future   improvements. 


CITY    PLANNING  67 

St.  Louis  City  Plan  Commission.  The  Kingshighway ;  a  re- 
port. January,  1917.  (For  completion  of  the  project  treated 
in  the  1903  report.) 

A  major  street  plan  for  St.  Louis.    May,  1917. 

Recreation  in  St.  Louis.     November,  1917.     Published 

January,  1918. 

Zoning  for  St.   Louis;  a  fundamental  part  of  the  city 

plan.     January,  1918. 

City  of  St.  Louis,  height,  area,  and  use  districts  and  re- 
strictions.    May,  1918. 

St.  Louis  after  the  war;  with  an  introduction  by  Wins- 
ton Churchill.     1918. 

Twelfth    Street,    St.    Louis'    most    needed    commercial 

thoroughfare.    May,  1919. 

The  zone  plan.    June,  1919. 

A  public  building  group  plan  for  St.  Louis.  1919. 

The  housing  problem  in  St.  Louis.    June,  1920. 

SAINT  PAUL,  MINNESOTA 

No  answer  received.  (City  Planning  Board  secured  appro- 
priation of  $50,000  (Spring  1920)  to  be  expended  for  surveys 
and  a  plan.  George  H.  Herrold  was  appointed  managing  di- 
rector and  engineer  of  the  Board.) 

REPORTS: 

St.  Paul  Capitol  Approaches  Commission.  Report  to  the 
Common   Council.    1906. 

Stickney,  A.  B.  A  comprehensive  system  of  parks  for  the 
city  of  St.  Paul  as  proposed  by  A.  B.  Stickney,  Chairman  of 
the  Citizens'  Committee  consisting  of  one  hundred  and  fifty 
citizens  to  plan  a  comprehensive  system  of  parks.    1911. 

SALEM,  MASSACHUSETTS 

No  answer  received.  (There  is  a  Planning  Board  under  com- 
pulsory State  law  of  1913.  Some  improvements  have  been 
carried  out.) 


68  CITY    PLANNING 

REPORTS: 

Salem  City  Plans  Commission.     First  annual  report.    1912. 

SAN  DIEGO,  CALIFORNIA 

DIGEST  OF  ANSWER: 

Comprehensive  plan  was  prepared  by  John  Nolen,  but  im- 
provements have  not  been  carried  out — "more  lack  of  initia- 
tive, possibly,  than  anything  else.  No  concerted  movement 
to  carry  out  Nolen  plan."  Those  of  public  who  have  investi- 
gated its  merits  appreciate  plan.  Popular  interest  in  general 
city  improvements  is  created  through  Chamber  of  Commerce, 
Cabrillo  Commercial  Club,  various  women's  clubs  and  im- 
provement clubs.  Common  Council  is  present  municipal  au- 
thority for  improvements. 

REPORTS: 

Nolen,  John.  San  Diego,  a  comprehensive  plan  for  its  im- 
provement. Boston,  1908.  (Report  to  Civic  Improvement 
Committee.) 

SAN  FRANCISCO,  CALIFORNIA 

No  answer  received.   [Civic  center  partly  constructed.] 

REPORTS: 

Burnham,  Daniel  Hudson.  Report  on  a  plan  for  San  Fran- 
cisco, by  D.  Ff.  Burnham  assisted  by  Edward  H.  Bennett. 
Presented  to  the  Mayor  and  Board  of  Supervisors  by  the 
Association  for  the  Improvement  and  Adornment  of  San 
Francisco.     Ed.  by  Edward  F.  O'Day.     September,  1905. 

Manson,  Marsden.  Report  to  the  Mayor  and  Committee  on 
Reconstruction  of  San  Francisco,  on  the  improvements  now 
necessary  to  execute,  and  an  estimate  of  the  same.    1906. 

Wagoner,  Luther,  and  W.  H.  Heuer.  San  Francisco  har- 
bor ;  its  commerce  and  docks,  with  a  complete  plan  for  de- 
velopment, being  the  report  of  the  engineers  of  the  Fed- 
erated Harbor  Improvement  Associations.    1908. 

Arnold,  Bion  J.  Report  on  the  improvement  and  develop- 
ment of  the  transportation  facilities  of  San  Francisco.  Sub- 
mitted to  the  Mayor  and  Board  of  Supervisors.    1913. 


CITY    PLANNING  69 

SAN  JOSE,  CALIFORNIA 

DIGEST  OF  ANSWER: 

No  comprehensive  city  plan,  but  preparation  of  one  antici- 
pated through  Chamber  of  Commerce.  There  is  a  lack  of 
education  and  public  appreciation. 

REPORTS: 

Robinson,  Charles  Mulford.  The  beautifying  of  San  Jose. 
A  report  to  the  Outdoor  Art  League.   1909. 

SANTA  BARBARA,  CALIFORNIA 

DIGEST  OF  ANSWER: 

"In  1909,  Charles  Mulford  Robinson,  at  the  instigation  and 
expense  of  local  bodies,  reported  a  plan  for  the  beautification  of 
Santa  Barbara.  This  has  never  been  acted  upon  officially  nor 
have  we  a  City  Plan  Commission.  Many  of  his  suggestions, 
however,  have  in  practice,  been  followed  in  municipal  im- 
provements. Within  the  last  year,  there  has  been  some  fur- 
ther agitation  for  a  Commission,  which  will  now  undoubtedly 
materialize." — Mayor. 

REPORTS: 

Robinson,  Charles  Mulford.  Report  to  Mayor  regarding 
the  civic  affairs  of  Santa  Barbara.  Also  the  report  of  the 
Committee  of  Eleven  on  the  Improvement  of  the  city 
streets.     Santa  Barbara,  Civic  League.    1909. 

SANTA  FE,  NEW  MEXICO 

DIGEST  OF  ANSWER: 

No  comprehensive  city  plan,  but  preparation  of  one  anticipated 
by  cooperation  between  City  Council  and  various  civic  or- 
ganizations. Under  present  city  administration  (since  April 
1918)  many  improvements  have  been  made,  not  entirely  ac- 
cording to  a  plan.  City  Council  action  is  municipal  authority. 
Difficulties  in  lack  of  appreciation  and  cooperation  on  part 
of  property  owners.  Public  seems  to  "like  the  medicine  better 
after  they  'get  it  down.'  " 

REPORTS : 

Santa  Fe  City  Planning  Board.  Plan  for  proposed  improve- 
ments.   1913. 


70  CITY    PLANNING 

SEATTLE,  WASHINGTON 

DIGEST  OF  ANSWER: 

A  comprehensive  plan  was  prepared  by  V.  G.  Bogue  in  1911 
for  the  Municipal  Plans  Commission  (of  thirty  members),  but 
the  plan  was  not  officially  adopted  when  submitted  to  popu- 
lar vote.  However,  several  main  thoroughfares  have  been 
laid  out  and  acquired  substantially  in  accordance  with  the 
plan.  The  proposed  civic  center  has  not  been  acquired.  An 
amendment  to  the  City  Charter  provided  for  the  creation  of  a 
Municipal  Plans  Commission.  Although  the  public  does  not 
appreciate  the  value  of  plan,  it  has  been  helpful  to  the  city 
authorities.  Public  is  interested  in  general  city  improvements 
by  allowing  ample  time  for  hearings  before  City  Council,  which 
are,  of  course  reported  in  newspapers.  On  all  local  improve- 
ments a  postal  card  notice  is  mailed  to  each  property  owner, 
in  addition  to  the  publication  of  the  notice. 

REPORTS : 

Olmsted  Brothers.  Report  on  a  comprehensive  system  of 
parks  and  parkways  for  Seattle,  published  in  Park  Com- 
missioners First  Report  1884-1904.  Supplemental  report  on 
Annexed  territory  and  general  development  in  Commis- 
sioners' Report  of  1909. 

Seattle  Municipal  Plans  Commission.  Plan  of  Seattle.  Re- 
port of  the  Commission,  submitting  report  of  Virgil  G. 
Bogue,  engineer.   1911. 

SPOKANE,  WASHINGTON 

DIGEST  OF  ANSWER: 

The  preparation  of  a  comprehensive  city  plan  is  proceeding 
by  employment  of  expert  (C.  H.  Cheney)  as  consultant  to 
work  with  City  Engineer  and  City  Plan  Commission  (created 
by  City  Ordinance).  Work  has  not  progressed  far  enough 
to  meet  with  special  difficulties.  Interest  being  created  by 
articles  in  daily  papers  and  addresses  by  City  Plan  experts  be- 
fore Chamber  of  Commerce  and  other  public  gatherings. 

REPORTS: 

Olmsted  Brothers.  Report  for  a  park  system  in  Spokane, 
1908.  Published  in  Spokane  Board  of  Park  Commissioners 
Report  for  1891-1913. 


CITY    PLANNING  71 

SPRINGFIELD,  MASSACHUSETTS 

DIGEST  OF  ANSWER: 

Comprehensive  plan  not  yet  worked  out  but  has  been  under 
consideration  for  several  years,  while  City  Planning  Board 
was  organized  and  in  operation  (temporarily  discontinued). 
Further  action  anticipated  when  new  Planning  Board  is  ap- 
pointed, which  may  cooperate  with  Board  of  Survey.  Im- 
provements only  to  a  limited  extent  in  accordance  with  a  plan. 
City  Council  is  authority  for  improvements,  acting  on  recom- 
mendations from  Board  of  Public  Works.  Difficulties  en- 
countered seem  to  be  mainly  financial.  Public  believed  to  be 
appreciative.  Chamber  of  Commerce  and  press  more  or  less 
active  in  these  matters. 

REPORTS : 

Springfield  City  Planning  Commission.  First  annual  re- 
port, 1914,  contains  analysed  plan  of  procedure  and  sta- 
tistical survey. 

STILLWATER,  MINNESOTA 

No  answer  received. 

REPORTS: 

Stillwater  Park  Board.  Plan  of  Stillwater ;  prepared  under 
the  direction  of  the  Park  Board.  Morell  &  Nichols.  Min- 
neapolis, 1918. 

SYRACUSE,  NEW  YORK 

DIGEST  OF  ANSWER: 

"Syracuse  has  a  comprehensive  plan  which  is  used  by  the 
Planning  Commission  as  a  guide.  However  this  plan  has  not 
been  presented  to  the  Common  Council  for  adoption  or  ap- 
proval pending  certain  railroad  adjustments  which  will  de- 
termine important  changes  in  plan.  This  plan  has  been  in  the 
process  of  preparation  since  1914  under  the  direction  of  the 
City  Planning  Commission  and  its  consultant,  C.  E.  Howard, 
Architect  and  City  Planner."  City  Planning  Commission  au- 
thorized by  Common  Council  under  State  Act  of  1913.  Some 
improvements  have  already  been  carried  out.  Difficulties  are 
financial  and  political,  and  the  lack  of  a  complete  public  un- 
derstanding of  the  subject.  There  is,  however,  appreciation 
among  those  who  have  any  interest  in  civic  matters.     News- 


72  CITY    PLANNING 

paper  publicity  used,  also  lectures  and  cooperation  with  such 
organizations  as  the  Chamber  of  Commerce,  the  Real  Estate 
Board  and  the  Bankers  Association. 

REPORTS: 

(Note:  a  series  of  ten  articles  on  Syracuse  opportunities,  by 
Charles  Mulford  Robinson,  appeared  in  Syracuse  Herald 
October  7-November  15,  1905.) 

Mis'che,  Emmanuel  Tillman.  The  beautification  of  Syra- 
cuse. Published  in  Syracuse  Chamber  of  Commerce  Bulle- 
tin, 1906. 

Syracuse  Grade  Crossing  Commission.  Report  on  grade 
crossing  elimination  in  Syracuse ;  findings  of  the  Commis- 
sion and  report  of  Bion  J.  Arnold,  consulting  engineer. 
1917. 

Syracuse  City  Planning  Commission.  City  planning  for 
Syracuse.   1919. 

TRENTON,  NEW  JERSEY 

DIGEST  OF  ANSWER: 

City  has  a  plan  based  on  preliminary  surveys  made  in  1917 
by  landscape  and  municipal  engineers.  A  complete  survey 
anticipated  within  next  year  or  so.  The  preliminary  plan  was 
adopted  with  the  understanding  that  at  a  later  date  a  com- 
plete survey  of  the  city  would  be  authorized.  Three  street 
widenings  and  extension  projects,  establishment  of  communi- 
ty parks,  and  new  cross-town  boulevard  are  being  carried  out 
according  to  plan.  Municipal  authority  is  by  Commission  Gov- 
ernment Act  with  partial  home  rule  authority.  Difficulties 
found  in  lack  of  adequate  home  rule  power  delegated  to  muni- 
cipal governing  board  by  State  Legislature.  Public  apparent- 
ly appreciates  value  of  plans,  since  at  election  on  November 
4,  1919,  voters  approved  referendum  questions  for  new  cross- 
town  boulevard  (covering  over  lower  Assanpink)  and  en- 
larged system  of  parks.  Campaigns  of  public  education  are 
carried  on  after  projected  improvements  have  been  favorably 
considered  by  City  Commission.  Methods  employed  include 
newspaper  advertisements,  reports,  etc.,  and  special  circular 
issued  by  Mayor  to  citizens  explaining  and  illustrating  his 
project. 


CITY    PLANNING  73 

REPORTS : 

Olmsted  Brothers.  Report  to  the  Special  Committee  on 
the  Acquisition  of  Park  Lands,  Trenton,  concerning-  the 
physical  conditions  of  that  portion  of  the  valley  of  the  As- 
sanpink  lying-  within  the  corporate  limits  of  the  City.  1907. 
(Proposed  parking  the  Assanpink.) 

UTICA,  NEW  YORK 

DIGEST  OF  ANSWER: 

"Utica  has  just  taken  up  the  question  of  City  Planning,  a  com- 
mission of  nine  members  having  been  appointed  by  me  to 
provide  for  the  future  development  of  our  city  according  to  a 
definite  plan  and  the  correction  of  existing  faults.  This  com- 
mission has  not  organized  as  yet,  but  I  expect  that  it  will 
enter  upon  its  duties  shortly.  It  is  appointed  under  authority 
of  a  special  act  of  the  Legislature  passed  in  1913,  and  I  feel 
it  will  prove  one  of  the  most  beneficial  municipal  undertakings 
ever  brought  about  in  this  city." — James  D.  Smith,  Mayor. 
November  8,  1919. 

REPORTS: 

Utica  Chamber  of  Commerce.  Report  of  the  committee  on 
Improving  and  Beautifying  Utica.  1908.  (Plans  by  F.  L. 
Olmsted.) 

WALPOLE,  MASSACHUSETTS 

DIGEST  OF  ANSWER: 

Comprehensive  town  plan  by  John  Nolen.  Several  improve- 
ments carried  out  according  to  plan.  Municipal  authority  is 
town  meeting.  Popular  interest  in  improvements  created  by 
discussion.  Apparently  public  appreciative.  Town  Planning 
Committee  (advisory)  was  appointed  at  town  meeting  March 
1920,  to  advance  the  plan.  Improvements  are  recommended 
by  committee  to  town  meeting  for  passage. 

REPORTS: 

Walpole  Town  Planning  Committee.  Walpole — plan  today 
for  tomorrow.  Plans  for  the  Committee,  by  John  Nolen. 
1914. 

WASHINGTON,  DISTRICT  OF  COLUMBIA 

DIGEST  OF  ANSWER: 

Comprehensive  plan  for  Washington  originally  prepared  by 

Major  L'Enfant  under  direction  of  President  Washington  was 


74  CITY    PLANNING 

made  definitive  and  effective  about  1893  by  Board  created  by 
Congress.  All  street  extensions  since  1893  at  least  have  been 
required  to  conform  thereto.  Parkways  and  parks  also  con- 
form to  plans  established  under  authority  of  Congress.  Op- 
erating authority  is  a  commission,  two  commissioners  appoint- 
ed by  the  President,  and  one  detailed  by  the  Secretary  of  War 
from  the  Corps  of  Engineers,  U.  S.  Army.  No  difficulties  in- 
herent in  the  plans  have  been  encountered.  A  zone  plan 
greatly  needed.  (Preparations  since  authorized  by  Congress 
— Harland  Bartholomew,  consultant.)  Public  decidedly  ap- 
preciative. The  citizens'  association,  press,  chamber  of  com- 
merce, etc.,  do  much  to  create  popular  interest.  Each  citizens' 
association  corresponds  to  a  certain  area  of  the  District.  In 
the  winter  of  1919  a  campaign  was  held  to  make  every  citizen 
a  member  of  some  citizens'  association. 

REPORTS*: 

U.  S.  Office  of  Public  Buildings  and  Grounds.  Plans  for 
treatment  of  that  portion  of  the  District  of  Columbia  south 
of  Pennsylvania  avenue  and  north  of  B  street  SW.,  and  for 
a  connection  between  Potomac  and  Zoological  parks.  Let- 
ter from  the  Secretary  of  War,  transmitting,  with  a  letter 
from  the  Chief  of  Engineers,  report  of  examination  and  es- 
timates of  cost.    1900. 

Papers  relating  to  the  improvement  of  Washington,  D.  C. 
Compiled  by  Glenn  Brown,  Secretary  of  the  American  In- 
stitute of  Architects ;  with  an  introduction  by  Charles 
Moore,  clerk  of  Senate  committee  on  the  District  of  Colum- 
bia.   1901. 

U.  S.  Congress.  Senate.  Committee  on  the  District  of 
Columbia.  The  improvement  of  the  park  system  of  the 
District  of  Columbia.  I.__Report  of  Senate  Committee  on 
District  of  Columbia.  II.__Report  of  the  Park  Commission. 
Edited  by  Charles  Moore.  1902.  (Action  of  the  Washington 
Board  of  Trade  in  relation  to  the  park  system  of  the  Dis- 
trict of  Columbia,  compiled  by  Charles  Moore,  published 
1903.) 

Park  improvement  papers.  Being  a  series  of  papers  relating 
to  the  improvement  of  the  District  of  Columbia.  Edited 
and  compiled  by  Charles  Moore.  1903. 

District  of  Columbia  Harbor  Committee.  Improvement  of 
the  harbor  front  of  Washington.    1908. 


CITY    PLANNING  75 

U.  S.  Commission  of  Fine  Arts.  Annual  report  for  1916. 
Published  1917.  (Contains  summary  of  the  work  of  Com- 
mission since  establishment  in  1910,  especially  in  relation 
to  "Park  Commission"  Plan.     See  also  1918-19  Report.) 

U.  S.  Senate  Document  No.  362  (64th  Congress,  1st  ses- 
sion.) Data  relating  to  the  construction  of  a  central  heating, 
lighting,  and  power  plant  on  the  Mall  in  Washington,  to- 
gether with  supplemental  papers  thereon.    1916. 

U.  S.  Office  of  Public  Buildings  and  Grounds.  Develop- 
ment of  East  Potomac  Park.  Letter  from  the  Secretary  of 
War  ad  interim  transmitting  a  report  of  the  officer  in  charge 
of  public  buildings  and  grounds,  presenting  a  comprehen- 
sive plan  for  the  development  of  East  Potomac  Park  as  a 
public  recreation  ground.  1916.  (64th  Congress,  1st  ses- 
sion, House  Doc.  1038.) 

U.  S.  Senate.  Public  Buildings  Commission.  Report  pur- 
suant to  certain  provisions  of  the  sundry  civil  appropria- 
tion act,  approved  July  1,  1916,  authorizing  the  appointment 
of  a  commission  to  investigate  and  ascertain  what  public 
buildings  are  needed  to  provide  permanent  quarters  for  all 
the  government  activities  in  the  District  of  Columbia. 
Presented  by  Mr.  Martin,  December  18,  1917.  Published 
1918.    65th  Congress,  2d  session.     Senate  Doc.  no.  155. 

*( Published  by  Government  Printing  Office,  Washington.) 

WATERBURY,  CONNECTICUT 

No  answer  received. 

REPORTS  : 

Nolen,  John.  Housing  needs  of  workingmen  and  proposed 
methods  of  providing  for  them.  Report  and  recommenda- 
tions made  to  Waterbury  Housing  Committee.  Published 
as  Waterbury  Housing  Report,  supplement  to  Sunday  Re- 
publican, September  3,  1916. 

WATERLOO,  IOWA 

DIGEST  OF  ANSWER: 

Improvements  have   been   carried   out   according   to   a   plan. 

Common  Council  is  municipal  authority. 


76  CITY    PLANNING 

REPORTS: 

Robinson,  Charles  Mulford.  The  wellbeing  of  Waterloo. 
Report  to  the  Civic  Society  of  Waterloo.    1910. 

WATERTOWN,  NEW  YORK 

No  answer  received. 

REPORTS: 

Robinson,  Charles  Mulford.  Watertown  possibilities.  1907. 
(Report  to  Municipal  Improvement  League.) 

WINCHESTER,  MASSACHUSETTS 

No  answer  received.  (Certain  stream  improvements  carried 
out,  and  there  is  active  Planning  Board  appointed  under  1913 
State  Act.) 

REPORTS: 

Kellaway,  Herbert  J.  Report  upon  Mystic  Valley  improve- 
ment, along  the  Aberjona  River.  1911.  (Report  to  Water- 
ways Improvement  Committee  of  Winchester.) 

WORCESTER,  MASSACHUSETTS 

No  answer  received. 

REPORTS: 

Worcester  Commission  on  Relief  of  Street  Congestion.  Final 
report  and  recommendations  made  to  the  Mayor  and  City 
Council.    December,  1911. 


CITY    PLANNING  77 

SUPPLEMENT 

MUNICIPAL  APPROPRIATIONS  FOR 
CITY  PLANNING  IN  1920 

Compiled  by  Flavel  Shurtleff,  Secretary,  National  Conference 
on  City  Planning. 

Only  such  appropriations  are  listed  as  are  made  for  the  ex- 
press use  of  official  city  plan  commissions.  Wherever  the 
information  received  permitted,  a  brief  note  is  given  as  to  the 
use  to  which  the  appropriation  was  put,  but  in  general  it  is 
true  that  commissions  with  very  small  appropriations  are  for 
the  most  part  purely  advisory  boards  and  spend  the  money 
appropriated  for  clerical  help  and  supplies,  the  chief  item  of 
which  is  printing.  Several  cities  which  appropriate  large  sums 
each  year  for  city  planning  are  not  found  in  the  following 
list  because  the  money  is  spent  by  other  agencies  than  city 
planning  commissions. 

Akron,  Ohio — $19,000 — engineering  staff  consisting  of  two 
draftsmen  and  eight  engineers,  and  expert  service. 

Allentown,  Pa. — $800,  surveys — $500,  office  expenses. 

Altoona,  Pa.— $1,000. 

Arlington,  Mass. — $500 — clerical  staff  and  supplies. 

Boston,  Mass. — $7,500,  engineering  and  clerical  staff  and  sup- 
plies— $2,000,  housing  survey. 

Buffalo,  N.  Y. — $18,910 — salaries  of  engineering  staff,  for 
clerical  assistance  and  for  supplies. 

Brookline,  Mass. — $600,  clerical  staff  and  supplies;  $1,500,  for 
a  special  intensive  study. 

Cleveland,  Ohio — $28,580 — expert  fees,  engineering  and  cleri- 
cal staff  and  ordinary  office  expenses. 

Dayton,  Ohio— $250. 

Detroit,  Mich — $35,000,  salaries  of  engineering  staff  and  cleri- 
cal expenses — $6,000,  consultant's  fees— $1,000,  ordinary 
office  expenses. 

Easton,  Pa.— $600. 

Erie,  Pa.— $500. 


78  CITY    PLANNING 

East  Orange,  N.  J. — $750 — expert  service. 

Framingham,  Mass. — $500 — preliminary  survey  and  ordinary 
office  expenses. 

Gardner,   Mass. — $4,500 — expert   service  in  preparing  a  com- 
prehensive plan. 

Harrisburg,  Pa.— $2,634. 

Johnstown,  Pa. — $670 — clerical  staff  and  office  expense. 

Kansas  City,  Mo. — $25,000 — engineering  staff,  consulting  ex- 
pert, office  expense. 

Milwaukee,  Wis.— $17,290,  engineering  staff— $10,000,  expert 
fees —  $6,500,  office  expenses. 

Palo  Alto,  Calif.— $200— office  expenses. 

Pittsburgh,  Pa.— $30,000. 

Quincy,  Mass. — $250 — office  expenses. 

Rochester,   N.   Y. — $17,300,   engineering   and   clerical    staff — 
$4,500,  expert  fees — $3,600,  surveys  and  maps. 

San  Jose,  Cal. — $2,000 — in  1917  for  preliminary  maps. 

Scranton,  Pa. — $1,000 — clerical  help  and  office  expense. 

Somerville,  Mass. — $200 — office  expenses. 

Syracuse,  N.  Y. — $5,000 — engineering  staff,  clerical  expenses 
and  other  office  expenses. 

St.   Louis,   Mo. — $19,160 — engineering  and   clerical   staff  and 
ordinary  office  expenses. 

St.  Paul,  Minn— $13,000,  engineering  staff — $8,000,  expert  fees 
— $4,000,  clerical  expenses  and  ordinary  office  expense. 

Spokane,  Wash. — $3,600,  consulting  expert — $1,650,  maps  and 
office  expense. 

Taunton,  Mass. — $200 — supplies. 

Wilkes-Barre,  Pa. — $1,500 — engineering  service  and  ordinary 
office  expense. 

York,  Pa. — $2,500 — making  survey  of  the  territory  adjoining 
the  city. 


CITY    PLANNING  79 

All  who  are  Interested  in  orderly  city  development  are  in- 
vited to  join  the  National  Conference  on  City  Planning.  An- 
nual memberships  in  The  Conference  are  of  three  classes:  or- 
ganization, usually  applied  for  by  Chambers  of  Commerce 
and  other  civic  organizations,  at  $25.00 ;  sustaining,  either  in- 
dividual or  organization,  at  $10.00;  individual  membership, 
$5.00.  Members  will  receive,  without  charge,  copies  of  all 
literature  published  by  the  Conference  during  the  year,  in- 
cluding the  bound  volume  of  the  Conference  Proceedings, 
and  will  be  entitled  to  a  special  discount  on  publications  of 
the  Conference  of  other  years,  and  publications  issued  under 
its  auspices. 

All  communications  relating  to  membership  or  publications 
should  be  addressed  to  the  Secretary  of  the  Conference,  Flavel 
Shurtleff,  60  State  St.,  Boston. 

Special  Publications. 

CLASSIFIED  SELECTED  LIST  OF  REFERENCES  ON 
CITY  PLANNING,  50  Cents 

This  list  of  about  1000  references  was  prepared  in  1915  by 
Theodora  Kimball.  A  limited  supply  of  copies  are  still 
available.  It  will  not  be  superseded  by  the  proposed 
Manual  mentioned  below. 

MANUAL  OF  REFERENCES  ON  CITY  PLANNING 
In  preparation  by  Theodora  Kimball,  to  be  published  under 
the  auspices  of  the  Conference  at  $1.50,  as  soon  as  a 
sufficient  number  of  advance  subscriptions  is  assured. 
This  will  contain  a  comprehensive  bibliography  of  the 
most  useful  references  on  city  planning  with  especial  at- 
tention to  American  experiences,  and  will  supplement  the 
Selected  List  of  1915.  Subscription  orders  should  be  sent 
to  the  Secretary  of  the  Conference. 

PRINCIPLES  OF  CITY  PLANNING 

Introductory  Statement,  by  Frederick  Law  Olmsted.  (Pub- 
lication No.  1  of  the  American  City  Planning  Institute.) 
This  paper  will  be  supplied  in  quantities  of  10  or  more  at 
5  cents  a  copy. 

MUNICIPAL  ACCOMPLISHMENT  IN  CITY  PLANNING 
AND  PUBLISHED  CITY  PLAN  REPORTS 
IN  THE  UNITED   STATES 

Price  of  this  bulletin,  40  cents. 


<&  <& 


RETURN     CIRCULATION  DEPARTMENT 

TO— ►      202  Main  Library 


^ 


^ 


LOAN  PERIOD  1 
HOME  USE 


V 


ALL  BOOKS  MAY  BE  RECALLED  AFTER  7  DAYS 

1   month  loans  may  be  renewed  by  calling  642-3405 

0-month  loans  may  be  recharged  by  bringing  books  to  Circula  ion  Desk 

Renewals  and  recharges  may  be  made  4  days  prior  to  due  date 


DUE  AS  STAMPED  BELOW 


UNIVERSITY  OF  CALIFORNIA,  BERKELEY 
FORM  NO.  DD6.  60m,  3/80  BERKELEY,  CA  94720  ^ 


X  J 


SF 


y*     i  m  \     x 


*>  <sh 


GENERAL  LIBRARY  -  U.C.  BERKELEY 


5 


